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121	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-118
NICKEL EXTRACTION FROM LATERITE USING IONIC LIQUID BASED ELECTROLYTES: A DIDACTICAL QUALITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS Nisyya Syarifatul Husna(a), Ahmad Mudzakir(b) and Hernani(b) (a)Science Education, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154, Indonesia (b)Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract Nickel laterite is a rare mineral, but it is widely found in Indonesia, and its deposits are on the surface. The processing of laterite nickel must consider sustainability from economic, social, and environmental aspects by integrating basic molecular principles. This research was conducted to obtain a scientist^s conception of nickel extraction from laterite using ionic liquids and presented as a consequence map for teaching and learning. The method used is a qualitative method of descriptive content analysis. The examined categories and options will be presented according to two expert opinions in content analysis. Arrangements have been made in conformity with expert opinion. Questionable data are discussed holistically against content analysis. The results showed that laterite nickel content for teaching and learning could be analyzed through a descriptive approach. The scientists^ conceptions include definition, electronic configurations, properties, abundance, production processes, recycling, use of ionic liquids in nickel deposition, and applications. The concept map illustrates the potential desirable and undesirable consequences of nickel metal. Through qualitative content analysis, it is proven that nickel deposition can be carried out at a rate of ionic liquids deposition that can integrate sustainability principles from economic, social, and environmental aspects. Material development can be presented through experiments on the topic of transition metals. Further development of this research is expected to be used to obtain other alternative solvents that are environmentally friendly. Concept- and sequence- map (consequence-map) can be used to develop teaching materials. Keywords: Nickel extraction, Laterite, Ionic liquids, Qualitative Content Analysis, Teaching and Learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nisyya Syarifatul Husna)

122	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-140
Can Benzotriazolium Chloride Form Deep Eutectic Solvents? An Analysis of the Urea-Benzotriazolium Chloride Hydrogen Bond Network Ahmad Mudzakir1*, Rizal Razalin2, Muhammad Ali Zulfikar3, Muhammad Yudhistira Azis3, Anni Anggraeni4, Mia Widyaningsih1, and Karina Mulya Rizky1 1. Departemen Pendidikan Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, 14054, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 2. School of Chemical Sciences, 11800, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3. Departemen Kimia, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 4. Departemen Kimia, Universitas Padjajaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno km. 21, Jatinangor, Kab. Sumedang, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Abstract Ionic crystal of the 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3-benzotriazolium chloride urea has been prepared and structurally characterized, in order to investigate the possibility of the salt to form Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) with urea. DES have been known since 2004, and since then, many researchers have published some articles on their synthesis, characterization, and application. With increasing interest in this new class of solvents, electrolytes and engineering fluids, there is an impetus to understand the formation and function of these solvents at the molecular level. If this aspect can be obtained in detail, it will in turn help in the design of further DES. In this study, be will discussed the crystal structure of a new class III DES, based on the benzotriazolium cation, which is a mixture of urea and 1,3-dimethyl-benzotriazolium chloride. This hydrogen bond network on the structure can explain the role of intermolecular and intra-molecular hydrogen bonds in the formation of this potential DES. Keywords: Deep Eutectic Solvents- Benzotriazolium Chloride- Urea- Hydrogen Bonding Network- Intermolecular- and Intra-Molecular Hydrogen Bonds Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Mudzakir)

123	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-157
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/rGO Composite as CO2 Adsorbent in Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Application Indra Adinata (a) and Tirta Rona Mayangsari (a*) a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Computer, Universitas Pertamina Jl. Teuku Nyak Arief, Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12220, Indonesia *tirta.rm[at]universitaspertamina.ac.id Abstract The global warming and climate change have been the serious problems in the world, which caused by greenhouse gases, such as CO2, CH4, CFC, and N2O. Among them, CO2 has the biggest threat to the environment because its high concentration in the atmosphere. To reduce the rate of CO2 emission, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has been developed by many researchers around the globe. In this work, Fe3O4/rGO composite was prepared by ultrasonication-assisted chemical co-precipitation method to be utilized as CO2 adsorbent. This material was characterized by using XRD, FTIR, SEM and BET. The XRD result of Fe3O4/rGO composite shows the main peaks at 2 theta 18.33(deg), 30.14(deg), 35.57(deg) and 43.10(deg), which have the same character with Fe3O4 pattern. A broad peak at 2 theta 24.40(deg) that correspond to rGO was observed as well, indicating Fe3O4/rGO composite was successfully formed. FTIR spectra for Fe3O4/rGO composite shows an absorption band at wavenumber 569.56 cm-1 (Fe-O), a broad peak at wavenumber 3419.06 cm-1 (O-H), and weak intensity peaks at wavenumbers 1612.04 cm-1 (C=C) and 1190.63 cm-1 (C-O-C), refers to the existence of rGO. The morphological characterization results by using SEM shows the insertion of Fe3O4 particle in the rGO sheet. CO2 adsorption performance of this adsorbent will be investigated by using BET and FTIR instruments. Keywords: Fe3O4, rGO, Fe3O4/rGO composite, CO2 adsorption Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Indra Adinata)

124	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-173
Kaolinite-Based Silica Coarse (SC) for Nucleic Acids Extractions Method Marchia Marthalena Marintan (a), Fithriyah (c) , Yuni Krisnandi (b) (a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia. (b) Solid Inorganic Framework Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 15424, Indonesia. (c) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 10320 Jakarta, Indonesia. Abstract One of the strategies to overcome the COVID-19 disease is through RT-PCR test. The RT-PCR test is initiated by extraction of nucleic acids which requires silica column. Silica Coarse (SC) in the form of suspension, powder and discs columns- were prepared from kaolinite as an alternative extraction column to binding Ribonucleic acids (RNA). The RNA binding ability in SC was enhanced with chaotropic ions, embedded on the kaolinite framework. SC, then were studied its characterizations using FTIR, XRD, XRF, SEM, and BET measurement. This work shows that SC suspension column could extract RNA that amplified better in RT-PCR test than SC powder and discs columns. Keywords: Silica Coarse, Chaotropic Ions, Kaolinite, Nucleic acid extraction, RT-PCR test Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Marchia Marthalena Marintan)

125	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-182
PROPELLANT DEVELOPMENT USING LOCAL SOURCES OF NITRATE COMPOUNDS Suharnoko University of UNJANI Abstract Currently in Indonesia, propellant research is still rarely carried out due to bureaucratic and budgetary problems. To overcome this problem, it is investigated the development of propellant using local ingredients, namely materials available in the market with the aim of being able to make the cost of propellant cheaper and free from bureaucratic problems. Propellants generally consist of the main components of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the heat of combustion of local content nitrate compounds, determine the best nitrate compounds and their compositions and the effect of binders on combustion energy. Combustion energy is investigated because it is a basic parameter in determining the next propellant parameter. The research method used is to conduct an experiment to measure the heat of combustion of various mixtures of nitrate compounds, aluminum and polyester resins using a bomb calorimeter. In this study, the oxidizing agents used were potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, as fuel/reductant was aluminum and polyester binder. All these materials are easily available in the market. The results obtained that the heat of combustion of local content nitrate compounds has the high energy propellant properties, the binder of polyester resin increases the heat of combustion of the propellant, the propellant mixture containing the oxidizing agent ammonium nitrate has the highest heat of combustion with a value of 3788 cal/g. the optimum binder composition in the propellant was 16.7% (w/w). With this propellant research, it is hoped that it will encourage rocket research in Indonesia as a capital for the development of defense equipment to be cheaper. Keywords: Binder, Oxidizing agent, Propellant, Reducing agent, Heat of Combustion Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suharnoko Suharnoko)

126	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-194
Synthesis of SAPO-34 in The Presence of PEG as Non-Reactive Additive W. Rahmah 1), R. R. Mukti 2,3), K. Khoiruddin 1,3,4), I G. Wenten 1,3*) 1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2) Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl Ganesha no. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia 3) Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia 4) Center for Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a widely available organic polymer of ethylene glycol, has been utilized as a non-reactive reagent in many inorganic material syntheses. In this work, the degree of structural deformation of SAPO-34 zeotype by introducing PEG-20000 into the synthesis solution by means of hydrothermal treatment was investigated. The presence of PEG led to the formation of SAPO-34 crystal with vast defects. The deterioration of SAPO-34 crystals was observed by SEM images and the quantification of crystal dimension resulted in aspect ratio values. The increase value of aspect ratio suggests that the chain length of PEG has a great influence on modifying the particle size and crystal morphology within the three main crystallographic axes. Moreover, the addition of ethanol within solution precursor increases aspect ratio value over 3 times higher. The addition of ethanol as byproduct from the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) or the use of PEG-6000 of lower molecular weight does not increase the aspect ratio. This confirms that PEG micelles of higher molecular weight selectively result in peculiar SAPO-34 particle shapes. Keywords: microporous materials, zeotype, morphology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Widda Rahmah)

127	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-213
THE EFFECT OF BASE DURING THE HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS ON THE PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMIC ACID-BASED CARBON DOTS Lilis Rosmainar (1), Rasidah (1), Dyah Ayu Pramoda Wardani (1), Irzaman (2), and Noviyan Darmawan (3,4*) 1) Department of Chemistry, Palangka Raya University, Indonesia 2) Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia 3) Department of Chemistry, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia 4) Halal Science Center, LPPM, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia *noviyandarmawan[at]apps.ipb.ac.id Abstract In this study, we report the synthesis of highly emitting carbon dots by utilizing humic acid as a green, abundant, and renewable carbon source. The humic acid was isolated from the Central Kalimantan Peatland. The carbon dots were prepared using a hydrothermal method with different types and concentrations of base. The structural characterization of synthesized carbon dots was conducted with transmission electron microscopy, Raman, and infra-red spectroscopy. Based on UV-Vis and fluorescence studies, the photophysical properties of the carbon dots were significantly influenced by the base, and the suggested mechanism was also examined. Keywords: Carbon Dots- Fluorescence- Humic Acid- Nanomaterial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Noviyan Darmawan)

128	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-216
Supramolecular Structures of Metal-Incorporated Anions Generated by the Carbene-like Benzotriazolium Cation: From Coulombic and Hydrogen Bonded Interactions to Coordination Polymers Ahmad Mudzakir1, Mohd Rizal Razali2, Phil Liebing3, and Frank T. Edelmann4 1 Departemen Pendidikan Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, 14054, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 2 School of Chemical Sciences, 11800, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3 Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller Universitaet Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743, Jena, Germany 4 Chemisches Institut, Otto-von-Guericke Universitaet Magdeburg, Universitaetsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany Abstract Ionic crystals of the carbene-like 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3-benzotriazolium cation with different supramolecular structures comprising chloride and four metal-incorporated anions have been prepared and structurally characterized. The supramolecular structures of the chloride and tricarbonyl(eta-5-cyclopentadienyl) molybdate(-I) salts are assembled by hydrogen bonded into 3D networks, the triiodidoargentate is a layered 3D network and the dicyanido-anion comprises a 1D polymeric structure. The crystal structures of the salts arise from an interplay between coulombic and hydrogen-bonding interactions, as well as metal coordination. All compounds are aggregated into supramolecular layers in the crystal and can lead to new models of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Keywords: Supramolecular Structures- Metal-Incorporated Anions- Carbene-like Benzotriazolium Cation- Coulombic and Hydrogen Bonded Interactions- Coordination Polymers Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Mudzakir)

129	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-10
Formulation of Avocado Seed and Eucalyptus Leave as Antioxidant Herbal Tea Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar (a*), Azrini Khaerah (b) a) Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Science, Bulukumba University of Muhammadiyah, Bulukumba 92561, Indonesia *fitrychemistry20[at]gmail.com b)Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Bulukumba University of Muhammadiyah, Bulukumba 92561, Indonesia Abstract Avocado seeds are one of the plants that have high antioxidant content. In general, Indonesian people use avocado seed extract as herbal medicine by drinking boiled water from the extract. However, avocado seeds do not have a special scent, so to improve organoleptic properties, especially the addition of scent to avocado seed cooking water, another alternative is needed. One of them is the addition of eucalyptus leaves which are also reported to have high antioxidant content. The formulation of avocado seeds and eucalyptus leaves into herbal teas that have antioxidant functions has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to make herbal tea formulations of avocado seeds and eucalyptus leaves which are rich in antioxidants and favored by consumers. The methods used include water content test, phytochemical test, antioxidant activity test using DPPH method and organoleptic test using hedonic method. The water content values obtained from avocado seed and eucalyptus leaves simplicia were 8.63% and 8.14%, respectively. The results of phytochemical analysis using hot water extract showed that avocado seeds contain phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids while eucalyptus leaves contain phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. The formulation of avocado seeds and eucalyptus leaves with avocado seed 70% : eucalyptus leaf 30% (F4) is the best formulation that provides the highest antioxidant activity of 65.29% among other herbal tea formulations. The results of the organoleptic test of the F4 formulation with the addition of honey to the color and aroma indicators included in the very like category, while the taste indicators included in the like category. Keywords: Avocado seed, eucalyptus leave, antioxidant, organoleptic, herbal tea Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (ANDI NUR FITRIANI ABUBAKAR)

130	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-23
In Silico Analysis: The Effect of Adjuvant on Multi-epitope Vaccine SARS-COV-2 against Toll like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Signaling M. Afrizal Firmansyah(a), Aris Susilo(a), Dian Marlina(a), Andri Prasetiyo(b), Rina Herowati (a*) a) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Setia Budi, Jl. Letjend Sutoyo, 57127 Surakarta, Indonesia * rinaherowati[at]setiabudi.ac.id b) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jl. Lenteng Agung Raya No.56, 12640 Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract Booster doses of the SARS CoV 2 vaccine that have been developed are still needed since the neutralization effect of vaccines decreases. Developing of vaccines with the addition of adjuvants using the subunit method is considered necessary in order to activate the innate immune system and trigger an adaptive immune response. Aluminum Hidroxide (AlOH) based adjuvants, the first vaccine adjuvant, have been used popularly in most human vaccines. However, they lack ability to intervene in cell-mediated immunity such as Toll-Like Receptors. This study aims to predict the effect of adjuvants in the SARS CoV 2 multi-epitope vaccine on Toll-Like Receptor 4 signaling using in silico analysis. Webserver-based designed vaccine was created using sequences from Uniprot. The highest antigenicity sequence was identified in this study. Epitope MHC I, II, and B Cells. NetCTL 1.2 were used to predict MHC I epitope. IEDB was used to predict MHC II epitope and B cells. The epitope was constructed in 3D with TrRosetta by combining the obtained epitope with adjuvant Ribosomal 50S L7/L12 (rpIL) and Beta Defensin (hBDs). Molecular anchoring was carried out using HADDOCK 2.4. Molecular dynamics simulation was generated by YASARA. The obtained rpIL and hBDs design vaccines were structurally stable, nontoxic, and nonallergenic. hBDs vaccine design showed the highest antigenicity compared to rpIL with antigenicity of 0.5134 and 0.5114. The molecular docking of the hBDs design had a high predicted binding of -119.55 Kcal/mol, while rpIL had a predicted binding of -89.83 Kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics predictions in the two vaccine designs showed similar results, vaccine designs with hBDs adjuvant possed stronger TLR4 signaling than rpIL adjuvant. The average RMSD and RMSF of the hBDs design were 5.224 Angstrom and 2.05 Angstrom. On the other hand, the Ribosomal 50S L7/L12 adjuvant had the average RMSD and RMSF of 5.12 Angstrom and 2.01 Angstrom. Keywords: vaccine design-coronavirus-molecular docking-molecular dynamics Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mohamad Afrizal Firmansyah)

131	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-28
Chemotherapeutic Prospects of Dasycladaceae: Organic Extracts of Bornetella nitida from Selayar Island against HeLa Cell Lines Bahrun (a), Tatsufumi Okino (b), Firdaus (a), Herlina Rasyid (a), Nunuk Hariani Soekamto (a) a) Department of Chemistry Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia b) Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan Abstract Cancer is the highest mortality disease caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. This research is the efforts to find natural product-based chemotherapeutic agents to solve this problem. Bornetella nitida is a Dasycladacean that is potential to be utilized due to the diversity of phytochemicals and the lack of exploration. The search begins with the phytochemical extraction using gradient maceration with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Toxicity tests, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity tests, phytochemical analysis, and molecular docking were also conducted. The B. nitida extracts were moderate toxicity, LC50 ranging from 116.06 to 713.12 ug.mL-1. The DPPH free radicals scavenging activity varied due to the solvent polarity, IC50 values 22.20, 87.77, 401.55, and 752.08 ug.mL-1 of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract respectively. Meanwhile, cytotoxic against HeLa cell lines ranged from 281.09 to 1329.33 ug.mL-1, the highest activity shown by with ethyl acetate extract. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of octadec-9-enoic acid, phenol-2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6,10-trimethyl-14-ethylene-14-pentadecene, hexadecatrienoic acid, and phytol. The compounds showed good interaction against protein target (binding energy < -5 kcal.mol-1). The results of this study indicate that the B. nitida extract has the potential to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent. Keywords: Marine natural product- bioactive- chemotherapy- green algae Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bahrun -)

132	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-50
IN SILICO AND IN VITRO OF BIFLAVONOID FROM ARAUCARIA GENUS PLANTS AGAINST \( \alpha \)-GLUCOSIDASE ENZYME AS TARGET PROTEIN Purwantiningsih Sugita(1*), Selvia Dwi Putri Handayani(1), Dhea Demitri Agusta(1), Laksmi Ambarsari(2), Hanhan Dianhar(3), and Dyah Utami Cahyaning Rahayu(4) (1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia 16680 (2)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia 16680 (3)Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia (4)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia Abstract Biflavonoids are dimers of flavonoids formed by a covalent bond (C-C or C-O-C) between two monoflavonoids. Biflavonoids are reported to exhibit many pharmacological activities, including anti-diabetic capabilities. The research aims to determine the biflavonoids inhibitory affinity potential against the \( \alpha \)-glucosidase as a target protein through in silico and in vitro experiments. The inhibitory characteristics of the compounds were compared to that of ordinary acarbose, a diabetes type 2 treatment. AutoDock Vina was employed to analyze the conformational sites and docking parameters such as binding affinity, and inhibition constant. The compounds for the in vitro inhibitory experiment used biflavonoids from isolated from Araucaria hunsteinii K. Schum result which then, compared to the in silico study. The docking experiments revealed that biflavonoids had tighter binding forces than acarbose againts \( \alpha \)-glucosidase. The chosen biflavonoids exhibited effective concentration-dependent inhibition of the \( \alpha \)-glucosidase in vitro. The 7-O-methylcupressuflavone- 7,\( 7^{\prime}\)\(^{\prime}\)\(^{\prime}\)-di-O-methylcupresuflavone- 7,\( 7^{\prime}\)\(^{\prime}\)-di-O-methylagathisflavon, and \(4^{\prime}\),\(4^{\prime}\)\(^{\prime}\)\(^{\prime}\)-di-O-methylamentoflavone with IC50 values are 78.32\( \pm \)0.52, 537.98\( \pm \)2.35, 388.39\( \pm \)0.68, and 389.76\( \pm \)1.55 \( \mu \)M, respectively, were found to be potent and selective inhibitors of the enzyme. With the target enzyme, these compounds formed many strong hydrogen bonds with multiple key amino acid residues. Some hydrophobic interactions could explain the efficacy of these compounds in blocking the enzyme. These in vitro analyses and molecular docking studies could be further developed as potent \( \alpha \)-glucosidase inhibitors for treating diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Biflavonoids, \( \alpha \)-Glucosidase, Binding affinity, Inhibition constant, Amino acid residues Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Purwantiningsih Sugita)

133	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-52
The antidiabetic and antiplasmodium activities of prenylated xanthones from the stembarks of Garcinia parvifolia (Miq) Miq Rini Muharini (ab*), Johanis Wairata (b), Yenni Pintauli Pasaribu (b)1, Theodore Y.K. Lulan (b), Taslim Ersam (b*) a) Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Univertas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia *rini.muharini[at]fkip.untan.ac.id b) Laboratory of Natural Products and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, , Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia Abstract Three prenylated xanthones, namely brasilixanthone B (1), latisxanthone A (2), and oliganthone B (3), together with stigmasterol (4), were succesfully isolated from stembarks of Garcinia parvifolia (Miq) Miq. Their structures were elucidated carefully using 1D and 2D NMR spectrocopy analyses, as well as comparinson with literature data. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antidiabetic activities using alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assays. Compound 1-4 exhibited pronounce porcine pancreas alpha-amylase inhibition with IC50 values of 133.1, 5.9, 24.8, and 57.4 &#956-M, respectively. Moderate alpha-glucosidase inhibition were showed by compound 2 and 3. Meanwhile, compound 1 and 3 demonstrated potent antiplasmodium activity with IC50 values of 6.73 and 4.04 &#956-M against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. It can be concluded that these prenylated xanthones from G. parvifolia (miq) Miq) have potential for apha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and Plasmodium falciparum inhibitors. This study was the first report of compound 1-3 from G. parvifolia (Miq) Miq. Keywords: Prenylated xanthones- Baker^s yeast alpha-glucosidase assay- alpha-amylase assay- Garcinia parvifolia (Miq) Miq- Plasmodium falciparum Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (RINI MUHARINI)

134	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-53
Metabolite Fingerprinting of Botanical Parts of Erythrina Crista-Galli Using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Abd. Wahid Rizaldi Akili (a), Ari Hardianto (a), Maya Ismayanti (b), Tati Herlina (a*) (a)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia *tati.herlina[at]unpad.ac.id (b)Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute for Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Abstract Erythrina crista-galli is commonly used in folk medicines for its pharmacological properties which are associated with the metabolite constituents. The botanical parts of E. crista-galli have various bioactivity such as anti-inflamatory, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, etc. The objective of this study is to uncover the similarity and clustering of botanical parts of E. crista-galli based on their chemical content by means of metabolite fingerprinting. The botanical parts of E. crista-galli, including bark, flower, leaves, roots, and twigs, were subjected to pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The samples were pyrolyzed using a multi-shot pyrolyzer. The relative abundance of the pyrolysate was used for multivariate analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) allows to characterize the roots of E. crista-galli by the highest relative abundance of lignin G, followed by the twigs, bark, leaves, while the flower has the least relative abundance of lignin G. Hierarchical cluster analysis allows to cluster the botanical parts of E. crista-galli into three different clusters based on their chemical component similarity, i.e. flower and leaves, twigs, roots, and bark. Keywords: Erythrina crista-galli, Pyrolysis-GC/MS, multivariate analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Abd. Wahid Rizaldi Akili)

135	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-59
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM CHINESE CABBAGE Assyifa Junitasari, Tina Dewi Rosahdi, Yuni Siti Lestari Departement Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia Abstract Waste is material that is disposed of from sources of human and natural activities that do not yet have economic value. Physically, vegetable waste is perishable due to its high water content, especially Chinese Cabbage waste. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are facultative anaerobic bacteria that can live in various of habitats. However, the availability is still low and the price is expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to isolate LAB from new sources such as Chinese Cabbage which has a high LAB content. The purpose of this study was the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from Chinese Cabbage waste. Isolation was carried out to obtain isolates of lactic acid bacteria from Chinese Cabbage waste, then the isolates and cells were observed with gram staining. Then it was amplified using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) instrument with BactF1 and reverse UniB1 primers to obtain the 16s rRNA gene pragment and sequenced to determine the nucleotide base sequence and compared with the bacterial 16s rRNA base sequence registered in the Gene Bank to determine its homology with bacteria. The results of the 16s rRNA base sequence analysis showed that the mustard 1 isolate had a similarity index of 84.65% with Bacillus sp, the gene for the mustard 2 isolate had a similarity index of 84.09% with the Uncultured bacterium clone, and the mustard 3 isolate gene had a similarity index of 85, 42% with Environmental 16s rDNA sequence. Keywords: lactic acid bacteria-16s rRNA gene fragment-PCR-gram staining-squencing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Assyifa Junitasari)

136	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-69
Molecular Docking of Secondary Metabolites from Phoenix dactylifera L. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 ACE-2 Receptor Siti Warnasih (1*), Ade Heri Mulyati (1), Siti Kholisoh (1) 1)Department of Chemistry, Pakuan University Jl. Pakuan PO BOX 452 Ciheuleut, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia *siti.warnasih[at]unpak.ac.id Abstract Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are one of the most useful plants. Based on previous research, those dates contain bioactive compounds that have potential as antioxidants, antimicrobials, and anti-inflammatory. In addition, dates can be used as an antiviral, but the potential of dates as an antiviral, especially the SARS-CoV-2 antiviral, has not been widely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential of date palm bioactive compounds as SARS-CoV-2 antiviral with molecular docking against the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor. The study was carried out using molecular modeling methods using Autodock Vina, 21 chemical compounds found in date palms as ligands were attached to the ACE-2 receptor, and 4 chemical compounds that have been used as SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drugs, namely plitidepsin, redemsivir, chloroquine, and favipiravir was used as a control ligand. The results showed that Proanthocyanidin B1 and B2 ligands had the highest interaction and stability with Gibbs free energy values of -9.20 kcal/mol and -9.10 kcal/mol, respectively. This value is known to be higher than control ligands Plitidepsin -9.02 kcal/mol, Redemvisir -7.88 kcal/mol, Chloroquine -5.65 kcal/mol, and Favipiravir -5.38 kcal/mol. Thus, dates can be used as a candidate for SARS-CoV-2 antiviral. Keywords: ACE-2 receptor, Antiviral, Molecular docking, Phoenix dactylifera, SARS-CoV-2 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Warnasih)

137	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-75
STYLOTELLA sp. ACETONE EXTRACT OF SELAYAR ISLAND AND ITS ACTIVITY AGAINST BREAST CANCER CELLS MCF-7 Firnanelty1 Asriani Ilyas2 Awaluddin3 Aisyah4 Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar5 Aisyah Rusdin6 1234) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar Jalan HM Yasin Limpo.36 Samata-Gowa Sulawesi Selatan Indonesia 92113 5) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Bulukumba Jalan Ir. Soekarno No. 9 Kec. Ujung Bulu Kab. Bulukumba Sulawesi Selatan Indonesia 6) Department of Chemistry Institut Sains dan Kesehatan Bone Jalan Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Bone, Sulawesi Selatan Indonesia Abstract Stylotella sp. Is one of type sponge who come from Halichondriidae family have great potential in developing marine pharmaceutical industry since they are capable of synthesizing numerous bioactive metabolite compounds. It has potential as a drug in the future, anticancer. This study aims to determine the types of secondary metabolites in Stylotella sp. from Selayar Island and find out the bioactivity of secondary metabolites against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The method used extraction with acetone solvent, fractionation and purification. The purity test was carried out by testing three eluent systems at TLC, namely eluent chloroform: ethyl acetate (9: 1), n-hexane eluent: acetone (8: 2), eluent chloroform: acetone (9: 1). Then qualitative tested and characterized by FTIR spectrophotometer. The result showed that pure isolate from acetone extract contained alkaloid compound. The activity test against MCF-7 cells used anti-proliferation assay. Cisplatin have used as positive control. Result of anti-proliferation showed \( IC_{50} \) value for acetone extract \( 14978.50 \mu g / mL \) which means that it was not toxic. Keywords: Stylotella sp, alkaloid, Breast Cancer cells, MCF-7, IC50 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Firnanelty Rasyid)

138	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-79
Phytochemistry of Red Betel leaf (Piper crocatum) and its antifungal activity against Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase in Candida albicans in vitro and in silico Tessa Siswina (a), Mia Miranti (b), Dadan Sumiarsa (c), Dikdik Kurnia (c*) (a) Universitas Padjadjaran, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia- Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Department of Midwifery, Pontianak, 78241, Indonesia (b) Universitas Padjadjaran,Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia (c) Universitas Padjadjaran, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia (*) correspondence : dikdik.kurnia[at]unpad.ac.id Abstract 90% of Indonesian women and 31.8% of unmarried adolescents aged 15-24 years experience vaginal discharge due to Candida albicans, and 45% of recurrent vaginal discharge. In the Asia Pacific, the incidence of azole resistance reaches 83%, so non-pharmacological treatment in vaginal discharge is urgently needed. Red betel leaf (P. crocatum) is an antifungal plant. The mechanism of antifungal agents by inhibiting lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) is a promising target to be developed. Lanosterol plays an important role in the biosynthesis of ergosterol as a key enzyme that damages membranes and kills fungal cells. The aims of this study were to identify the phytochemicals of P. crocatum, evaluate the antifungal activity against C. albicans, and predict its molecular interactions in vitro and in silico. Phytochemical tests were carried out using standard procedures, in vitro antifungal analysis by disc diffusion and microdilution methods, and in silico tests by docking protein ligands. The results showed that the P. crocatum methanol extract had secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, and saponins. The antifungal activity was indicated by the zone of inhibition by ketoconazole, P. crocatum, metronidazole, and aquadest of 20.7, 8.4, 0 and 0 mm in fraction 5, respectively- 18.5, 9.3, 0, and 0 mm in fraction 4- 17.5, 8.1, 0, and 0 mm in fraction 2- 16.7, 8.3, 0, and 0 mm in fraction 3. Meanwhile, the binding energies of ketoconazole (positive control), metronidazole, selinene, eugenyl acetate, eugenol, and safrole to lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase were -10.61, -5.55, -7.76, -5.77, -5.61, and -5.56 Kcal/mol at His377, respectively. Selinene has a stronger bond than other compounds in Red Betel leaf. Although not as good as the positive control (ketokonazole), it has the natural antibiotics potentially in vaginal discharge caused by C. albicans by inhibiting lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase. Keywords: antifungal, Red Betel leaf (Piper crocatum), lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, molecular docking Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tessa Siswina)

139	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-85
Antimicrobial Activity and Induction of Diverse Metabolites through Coculture of Thermophilic Microbes Aspergillus fumigatus LBKURCC 269 with Bacillus paramycoides LBKURCC 218 Zona Octarya (a)(b), Titania T. Nugroho (b), Yuana Nurulita (b), Nabella Surayya (b), Saryono (b*) (a) Department of Chemistry Education, Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Jl. Subrantas Km. 15, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia (b) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Riau. Jl. Subrantas Km. 12,5, Kampus Bina Widya, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia *email: saryonosikumbang[at]gmail.com. Abstract The increasing resistance of pathogenic microbes to previous antibiotics requires the search for new antibiotics. Thermophilic fungi and bacteria living in hot springs offer promising conditions for drug mining. The microbial coculture fermentation method can increase antimicrobial activity and induce the production of bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to perform thermophilic microbial fermentation by co-culture of fungi and bacteria to increase antimicrobial activity. The production of antimicrobial compounds was carried out by co-culture and single culture fermentation techniques. Antimicrobial activity was tested by the disc diffusion method. The compounds produced in the fermentation process were analyzed by GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity of co-cultured fermented extracts against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans were 20.33 mm, 14.33 mm, and 25.67 mm. Analysis of bioactive compounds by GC-MS showed 20 compounds that were only produced in coculture fermentation and were not found in single cultures, the main components were pentadecanoic acid (9,87%), carbamic acid (7,12%), and cyclopropanepentanoic acid (5,87%). Keywords: Bioactive compounds, Coculture fermentation, Thermophilic microbes, GC-MS Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Zona Octarya)

140	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-88
ANTIGOUT ACTIVITY OF THE Spatholobus littoralis Hassk. FRACTION AGAINST XANTHINE OXIDASE: INHIBITION KINETICS AND ITS METABOLITE PROFILE Rut Novalia Rahmawati Sianipar (a), Komar Sutriah (a*), Dyah Iswantini (a*,b), Trivadila (a,b), Suminar Setiati Achmadi (a,b) (a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia * dyahis[at]apps.ipb.ac.id- komarsu[at]apps.ipb.ac.id (b) Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16128, Indonesia Abstract The Spatholobus littoralis Hassk. (S. littoralis Hassk.), also referred to as the bajakah tampala is a native plant in Indonesia and has been widely used in traditional Dayaknese medicine for non communicable degenerative diseases. One of these illnesses, known as gout, is caused by an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood, which is the catalytic byproduct of a xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme. In this work, we investigated in vitro inhibition kinetics of XO and putatively identified bioactive compounds from the stem of bajakah tampala using LC MS MS. Fractionation was performed to obtain n-hexane, dichloromethane, and 1-butanol fractions from water and 70% ethanol extract. 1-Butanol fraction of 70% ethanol and the water extracts displayed potent inhibitors of XO with IC50 116.91 and 137.15 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis showed that the 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts inhibited XO competitively. The fraction from these two extracts has been further identified as a bioactive compound. The three highest peaks from 1-butanol fraction of 70% ethanol extract are formononetin, piscidic acid, and (15Z) 9,12,13, Trihydroxy 15 octadecenoic acid- whereas from 1-butanol fraction of water extract are piscidic acid, methylmalonic acid, and DL malic acid. Based on the composition of the compounds, the phenolics dominated in 1-butanol fraction of 70% ethanol extract by 58.97% and 52.17% for 1-butanol fraction of water extract. These findings revealed that 1-butanol fraction from the two extracts is promising as an antigout treatment in the future. Keywords: Gout, Lineweaver-Burk Plot, LC-MS/MS, Spatholobus littoralis Hassk., Xanthine Oxidase Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rut Novalia Rahmawati Sianipar)

141	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-89
IN-VITRO WOUND HEALING ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF WHITE TURMERIC (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) FROM LOWLAND AND HIGHLAND Suryati Syafri1,2, , Irwandi Jaswir1, Faridah Yusof3, Dachriyanus Hamidi2* 1 International Institute of Halal Research and Training, IIUM Malaysia 2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia 3Departement of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyah of Engineering, IIUM Malaysia Email:dachriyanus[at]phar.unand.ac.id Abstract White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family that produces essential oil. The essential oil contains chemical constituents, namely terpenoids, which have wound healing activity. This study aimed to compare the chemical profile of the essential oils of white turmeric in two different locations (lowland and highland) West Sumatera, Indonesia and observe their invitro wound healing activity. The chemical profiles of essential oils were determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The highland and lowland EOs showed similar primary chemical components but vary in the quantity, which were Iso velleral (34.14%, 43.83%), Camphor (14.53%, 10.84%), Germacrone (6.85%,5.86%), isoborneol (5.41%,4.06%). The in-vitro wound healing activity was determined by proliferation and scratch assay. The result showed that both EOs enhanced fibroblast proliferation at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and \(10 \mu g/mL \) with more than 100%. The highland EOs showed higher proliferation activity compared to lowland EOs (p<0.05) in fibroblast proliferation but no significant difference with the positive control (curcumin).Then, scratch assay after 48 hrs incubation showed that highland EOs had higher wound closure of 90.86% at the concentration of \(0.1 \mu g/mL \). It can be concluded that the place of cultivation influenced chemical composition and biological activities. Keywords: white turmeric, fibroblast proliferation, scratch assay, GC-MS, FT-IR spectroscopy Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suryati Suryati)

142	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-110
AN OVERVIEW OF RICE ALLERGENS AND ITS IMMUNOREACTIVITY Bayu Bakti Angga Santoso1*,Muhammad Novrizal Abdi Sahid1, Ika Puspita Sari1, Uripto Trisno Santoso2, 1Magister Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Sekip Utara, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Jl. Jend. A. Yani Km 36 Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan INDONESIA *Corresponding author, tel/: +6285842533320, email: angga.santoso[at]yahoo.com Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is produced and consumed in large quantity by more than half of the world population. Despite wide consumption, rice is commonly regarded as hypoallergenic, and recommended as diet substitute for some cereal sensitive patients. Several clinical cases on rice allergy that triggered either by contacting with raw rice, inhaling of rice powders or vapors, or by ingesting of rice have been reported. Rice grain contains proteins accounting for 8% of the dried endosperms generally consist of 5-10% alcohol soluble proteins (prolamines), 4-10% salt-soluble proteins (globulin and albumin), and 80-90% alkali-soluble proteins (glutelin). Understanding the exact properties of rice allergenic proteins offers novel approaches toward the making of rice-based food products safe for human consumption. Knowledge about immunoreactivity to rice allergens was also essential for the development of efficient immunotherapeutic strategies. The present review focuses on the characteristics of the allergenic components in rice and their reactivity with immune system. Keywords: Rice, Oryza sativa, allergen, immune, reactivity. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bayu Bakti Angga Santoso)

143	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-112
Antimalarial Activity of Dogfruit (Pithecellbium jiringa) Skin Ethanol Extract on Plasmodium falciparum Alfin Surya(a), Mega Irawan(b), Yulia Yesti(c*), Zaiyar(d) a,b) Abdurrab University, Riau Ujung Street, Pekanbaru- c) Fort De Kock University, Soekarno Hatta Street, Bukittinggi- *yuliayesti[at]fdk.ac.id d)Pekanbaru High School of Technology, Dirgantara no.4 Street, Pekanbaru Abstract The Dogfruit skin is a solid waste and it causes problems when not properly handled. In addition, it pollutes the environment, which causes flooding over time. According to previous research, the Dogfruit skin has much potential because it contains flavonoid and polyphenolic compounds, which are antiseptic, and antioxidant. Therefore, this research aims to continue other activity tests such as the Antimalarial activity. The method used was cutting and drying Dogfruit skin in an oven at \( 60^{o} C \) then mashing and macerating it for 72 hours to extract the polar compounds. Furthermore, the antimalarial activity was tested by determining the \(IC_{50}\) value against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). The results showed that the highest and lowest percentage of P. falciparum growth inhibition occurred at a concentration of 100 and 0.01 \(\mu g/mL\), which reached 100 as well as 3.17%, respectively. Additionally, the probit analysis of \(IC_{50}\) ethanol extract of Dogfruit skin was 4.897 \(\mu g/mL\), which is a criterion for high potency (\( \le 5 \mu g/mL\) ). Keywords: Antimalarial, Dogfruit Skin, Ethanol, Plasmodium falciparum Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yulia Yesti)

144	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-119
Optimization Lemongrass Essential Oils by Microwaved Assisted Hydrodistillation in comparison to Traditional Hydrodistillation Almira Yasmine, Tazkia Nafs Azzahra, Paramita Jaya Ratri*, Azis Adharis, Syifa Asatyas Department Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Computer, Universitas Pertamina Abstract Lemongrass is one of the commodities that has the potential to be developed for both as a food ingredient and as an industrial raw material. As a raw material for industry, it can be processed into lemongrass oil or into citral. In order to increase the added value of this kitchen lemongrass plant, various efforts have been made, one of which is to extract it into essential oils. Lemongrass essential oil is currently one of the most potential export commodities, considering that the world demand for this oil is relatively high. Its demand from year to year also increases, while the producing countries are still very limited. For this reason, it is necessary to make various efforts to increase its production. Converting it to the lemongrass oil, its economic value shall increase. In this present research, the extraction time of clove oil using steam hydro distillation with and without microwave-assisted is reported. The distillation was conducted in various times, up to 2 hours. Furthermore, the lemongrass oil sample that obtained from extraction time was characterized using TLC, FTIR and GCMS. Keywords: Essential oil, lemongrass, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Paramita Jaya Ratri)

145	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-141
Isolation and Characterization of Friedelin from Fungus Comb of Indo-malayan Termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen Mound Yanti Rachmayanti (a*), Dikhi Firmansyah (a), Aushofin Hamidah (a), Decsa Medika Hertanto (b), Ketut Sudiana (c), Djoko Santoso (c), Dodi Nandika (d) , Lina Karlinasari (d) , Arinana Arinana (d), Irmanida Batubara (e), Lucia Dhiantika Witasari (f) a). Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia *rachmayanti[at]itb.ac.id b). Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Campus A Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, East Java, Indonesia c). Department of Pathology, Campus A Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, East Java, Indonesia d). Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia e). Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia f). Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia Abstract Indonesian termites are one of the richest biological resources considering their very high species diversity (300 species) and their very wide geographical distribution in Indonesian mainland. One of the endemic termite sub-families of Indonesian, Macrotermitinae (Isoptera: Termitidae) has a food source in the form of fungal nodules that grow and spread in a special structure in the termite nest that is shaped like a mammalian brain called a fungus comb. Our previous study revealed the antimicrobial and antifungal activity on the extracts of fungus comb originated from the nests of Indo-malayan Termite, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen. This study aims to isolate, characterize and identify the bioactive compounds from the fungus comb of an Indonesian Macrotermitinae sub-family. This research includes preliminary tests, isolation of secondary metabolites, fractionation, and purification, as well as structural characterization of isolated compounds. The results of the preliminary test and TLC test by the addition of \(Ce(SO_4)_2 \) reagent showed that the compound components in the fungus comb were optimally extracted in acetone solvent, and indicated that one of the components contained were terpenoids/steroid groups. Fractionation and purification were carried out using the silica chromatography methods. Structural characterization of isolated compounds was carried out based on spectroscopic data, including 1D-NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), 2D-NMR (HSQC and HMBC) and mass spectroscopy. Friedelin structure was successfully revealed from the spectroscopic data and can be identified as five membered ring triterpenoid containing ketone group. Friedelin is a promising anti-inflammatory and antipyretic, this compound is reported from many natural source including Aesculus, Cannabis, Citrus, Diospyros, Quercus, Rhododendron, and Vaccinium. Keywords: friedelin, terpenoid, isolation, fungus comb, termite Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yanti Rachmayanti)

146	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-145
Antiphytopathogenic agent production in low-cost soy whey and molasses by Streptomyces malaysiensis TT41 and its optimization Desak Gede Sri Andayani a*, Ajeng Arum Sari a, Desak Gede Tirta Andini a, Novik Nurhidayat b, Rima Sofiani c, Novriyanti Lubis c a Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Komplek BRIN Cisitu Bandung, Indonesia b Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia c Faculty of Pharmacy, Garut University, Garut 44151, Indonesia Abstract Soy whey was used as a source of protein substrate in submerged fermentation to produce anti-phytopathogens. The substrate used in this study was collected from the tofu industry. In this present investigation, we have demonstrated the antiphytopathogenic activity of Streptomyces malaysiensis TT41 against phytopathogens. The antiphytopathogenic agent produced by Streptomyces malaysiensis TT41 was characterized by antifungal activity. Furthermore, the optimization of antiphytopathogenic production was conducted through response surface methodology in Submerged Fermentation. The results showed that the antiphytopathogenic produced by S.malaysiensis TT41 had the highest activity against phytopathogen with 33 mm zone of inhibition on three important factors, namely soy whey, molasses, and pH through the response surface method for antiphytopathogenic production using S.malaysiensis TT41. The optimized conditions are the ratio of soy whey, molasses, and a pH of 0.29 g, 79.78 ml, and 8.04, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of anti phytopathogenic agents showed total phenol, flavonoid, MIC, MFC, and IC50 were 1.495 mg GAE/g SF, 0.5383 mg QE/g SF, 125 ppm, 250 ppm, and 73,9 ppm, respectively. Analysis using FTIR showed the presence of functional groups to form phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The optimizing the parameters of the fermentation process by RSM, it can enhance the antiphytopathogenic activity. Keywords: S. malaysiensis TT41, response surface methodology, optimization, submerged fermentation, soy whey, antiphytopathogen agents. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Desak Gede Sri Andayani)

147	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-148
THE INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF Aglaia elaeagnoidea STEM BARK EXTRACT ON THE FORMATION OF CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALS Asep Supriadin a), Ahmad Saepul Fikri a) and Frisca Damayanti b) a) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati b) Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanical Gardens - BRIN Abstract Calcium oxalate is the main component in kidney stones that are formed due to the occurrence of supersaturation in the urine. Medical and traditional methods of treatment and prevention of kidney stone disease still do not provide effective results, so that efforts to find plants that have the potential to prevent kidney stone formation continue to be carried out. Aglaia elaeagnoidea plants, especially the stems, are known to have high phenolic content where phenolic compounds have been shown to inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the total phenolic content and to examine the inhibitory activity of Aglaia elaeagnoidea bark extract on the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. The process of analysis and testing begins with extracting the bark powder of Aglaia elaeagnoidea using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol using the multilevel maceration method. Analysis of total phenolic content was carried out by colorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid as phenolic standard measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. There were obtained phenolic content of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts 6.75- 14.89- and 104.97 mg GAE/g extract. The results of the inhibitory activity of the bark extract of Aglaia elaeagnoidea on the formation of calcium oxalate crystals showed that the methanol extract under glucose environmental conditions had the highest activity with an IC50 value of 203.17 mg/L. The process of inhibition of the formation of calcium oxalate crystals occurs in the presence of the active substance which is adsorbed on the crystal surface and forms a single layer that interacts with physisorption which occurs spontaneously. The inhibitory activity of calcium oxalate crystal formation was influenced by the phenolic content in the bark extract of Aglaia elaeagnoidea, with increasing phenolic content in the extract, the inhibitory activity that occurred also increased. Keywords: Aglaia elaeagnoidea- inhibitory activity- total phenolic content- turbidity- calcium oxalate crystals Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asep Supriadin)

148	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-150
Cyclic Diarylheptanoids from Wood of Garuga floribunda and In Silico Study of Their Potential as Antituberculosis Lia Dewi Juliawaty (a*), Dikhi Firmansyah (a), Aushofin Hamidah (a), Qolbu Nurul Hidayah (a), Denisa Shofihatul Qolby (a), Sri Rohaeni (a), Hendra Helmanto (b), Reza Aditama (c), Ernawati Arifin Giri-Rachman (d) a)Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. b) Research Center for Plants Conservation Botanic Garden and Forestry, National Research Innovation Agency, Gedung Kusnoto, Jalan Ir. H. Juanda No.18, Bogor, 16122, Indonesia. c)Biochemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. d)Physiology, Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. Abstract Nowadays, tuberculosis cases with drug resistance are still quite high. One of the good antimicrobial candidates to treat the disease is cyclic diarylheptanoids. Two cyclic diarylheptanoid compounds were successfully isolated from the wood of Garuga floribunda identified as alnusdiol and alnusone. Alnusdiol is the major secondary metabolite, 196 mg of the compound was obtained from 2.3 kg powdered wood samples. Protection of alnusdiol with prenyl and benzyl groups gave singly protected phenol groups. The in silico study of those compounds targeting InhA, a protein reductase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been conducted. Isoniazid is one of the most common drugs used to treat tuberculosis, showing a docking score of -5.9 kcal/mol. Among all, two compounds had the best potential as InhA inhibitors, i.e alnusone and benzylated alnusdiol which had docking scores -9.7 and -9.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Keywords: tuberculosis, cyclic diarylheptanoid, Garuga floribunda, OH protection, in silico Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lia Dewi Juliawaty)

149	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-161
ELECTROLYTES AND ANTIOXIDANTS PROFILE OF BLOOD SERUM HYPERTENSION RAT WITH ADMINISTRATION OF INDONESIAN PROPOLIS Ade Heri Mulyati(a*), Ahmad Sulaeman (b), Sri Anna Marliyati(b), Mohamad Rafi (c) a)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pakuan University Pakuan Street, Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia 16143 *adeheri.mulyati[at]unpak.ac.id b) Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia c)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Abstract Propolis contains various bioactive compounds which can be used to prevent and treat hypertension. Decreasing blood pressure with bioactive compounds can occur through various metabolic pathways, increased potassium channel pathways, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, increased antioxidant levels, decreased oxidative stress and other pathways. This study aims to analyze the electrolyte and antioxidant profile in blood serum of hypertensive rats by administering the ethanol extract of Indonesian propolis. This research was conducted by analyzing the content of electrolyte compounds (sodium, calcium and magnesium) using ICP-OES, analyze of antioxidant levels (Nitric oxide, 8-isoprostane, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of this study found that Indonesian propolis increase levels of serum K+ in hypertensive rats significantly, especially propolis from Lampung and South Sulawesi. Serum Na+ levels were also found increasing after propolis administration for seven day, while Ca2+ levels did not differ significantly between groups. Although statistically not significantly different, Indonesian propolis tends to increase NO levels. In addition, serum SOD levels were significantly increased with the administration of Indonesian propolis. There was no decrease in serum levels of 8-isoprostane and MDA after the administration of Indonesian propolis. Keywords: Indonesian propolis, bioactive compounds, antihypertensives, electrolytes, antioxidants Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ade Heri Mulyati)

150	Natural Products and Biological Chemistry	ABS-163
Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Qust^ Al-Hindi (Saussurea Lappa) Plants Ana Lailatul Farida (a) and Nila Tanyela Berghuis (a*) a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty Of Science and Computer, Universitas Pertamina Jl. Teuku Nyak Arief Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta Selatan, 12220, Indonesia * nila.tanyela[at]universitaspertamina.ac.id Abstract This final project research is about the use of plants that have potential as herbal medicines with the aim of identifying secondary metabolites in the plant Qust^ Al-Hindi (Saussurea Lappa) by carrying out phytochemical tests including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids or terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. In addition, it is also expected to be able to determine the levels of flavonoids by UV-Vis characterization and confirm the presence of the same functional group between compounds that are typical of secondary metabolites and compounds contained in these plants using FTIR ATR. The results of this study indicate that the plant contains secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannins. The flavonoid content obtained was 223.33 \pm 66.5 mgQE/g, while the results of the FTIR ATR test showed that the extract contained the same functional groups as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins, namely the O-H, C-H, C=C functional groups. C=O, and C-O contained in the flavonoid structure, alkaloid compounds are known to have a distinctive functional group, namely N-H, for terpenoids to have a distinctive functional group, namely C-H which is CH2 and CH3, there is also CH and there is a C-O group which is a functional group typical of tannin compounds. Keywords: Qust^ Al-Hindi, Phytochemical, Soxhletasi, UV-Vis, FTIR. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ana Lailatul Farida)

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