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31	Biochemistry	ABS-46
Analysis of Flavonoid Levels in Processed Moringa Leaf Products (Moringa Oleifera Lam) as a Source of Chemistry Learning Nur Azizah (1)., Jamaluddin M. Sakung, (2). Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Tadulako nurazizahdaematira[at]gmail.com Abstract ABSTRAK Nur Azizah, 2022. Analisis Kadar Flavonoid Pada Produk Olahan Daun Kelor (Moringga Oleifera Lamk) Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Kimia. Skripsi, Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Tadulako, Palu. Pembimbing Dr. H. Jamaluddin M. Sakung, S.Pd, M.Kes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar flavonoid pada produk olahan daun kelor (Moringga Oleifera Lamk) dengan pemanfaatan sebagai sumber pembelajaran kimia. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teh daun kelor dan stik daun kelor. Kadar flavonoid pada produk olahan daun kelor dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan uji kadar menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 436,0 nm. Uji kelayakan sumber pembelajaran kimia menggunakan tim ahli dan kelompok kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel teh daun kelor 1,15:0,098 g/100 g, dan stik daun kelor 0,11:0,014 g/100 g. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peniliti dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa produk olahan daun kelor yang memiliki kadar flavonoid terbaik adalah teh kelor dengan nilai 1,15 :0,098 g/100 g sehingga proses pengolahan pemanasan yang berulang dapat mempengaruhi kadar flavonoid dan hasil uji kelayakan sumber pembelajaran kimia diperoleh nilai sebesar 88,25% yang menunjukkan bahwa hasil penelitian ini sangat layak dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pembelajaran kimia dalam bentuk panduan praktikum. Keywords: Flavonoid, Produk Olahan daun Kelor, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis, sumber pembelajaran kimia Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (NUR AZIZAH)

32	Biochemistry	ABS-47
Innitial Characterization of Keratinase By Bacillus Proteolyticus GAM 15 Isolated from Palangkaraya Peat Soil, Central Kalimantan and Its Application for Goat Skin Dehairing Hanif Nur Rozaq, Andriyani Andriyani, and Suharti Suharti Malang State University Abstract Abstract. Dehairing is one important process in leather industry. The process was generally proceed chemically which is not environmental friendly. A greener process could be done using utilizing the keratinase secreted by bacteria. A preliminary study found that bacterial isolates, from the Peat Soil Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan, were proven to decompose chicken feathers which proved its capability to produce. This paper reports our work on the characterization of keratinase its potential to dehair goat skin. This research was conducted in several stages, they are (1) regeneration of Bacillus proteolyticus GAM 15, (2) keratinase production, (3) determination of keratinase characteristics by pH, temperature, the effect of metal ions on the enzyme activity, the type of enzyme (4) identification of Gram type and the bacterial species based on 16S rRNA gen sequence, and (5) its application for dehairing agent. The results showed that the isolate is a gram-positive bacteria with bacil cell shape. It has 100% homology with Bacillus proteolyticus. The characterization results of the keratinase enzyme were metalloprotease and activity of keratinase increased when adding Ni3+ (34,03 U/mL). This enzyme has optimum pH of 9 with an enzyme activity value of 27.26 U/mL. Furthermore, the optimum temperature of the keratinase enzyme activity at 52oC with the resulting enzyme activity of 28.63 U/mL. Crude extract of the keratinase enzyme was effective for dehairing goat skin with 72 hours of incubation time. Keywords: Bacillus proteolyticus, keratinase, chicken feather, dehairing. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hanif Nur Rozaq)

33	Biochemistry	ABS-51
Biodiversity of Anammox Microbial in the Malang Karangkates Resevoir and Its Activities as A Degradation Agent for Ammonia Rich Waste. Abdul Khafid Syahroni1,a), Eli Hendrik Sanjaya1,b), Much. Sayfulloh Alwy1,c), Mohd Fadhil MD Din2,d), Hong Chen3,e), Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas4,f), Suharti1,g), Mieke Alvionita1,h), and Anugrah Ricky Wijaya1,i). 1) Chemistry Departemnt, Faculty of Methematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia. 2) Civil and Environmental Enginering, University Teknology Malaysia. Johor Baru, Malaysia 3) School of Hydrolic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, China 4) Biology Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia Abstract Nitrogen is an important element that plays a role in the cycles in the world. The nitrogen cycle is the most important cycle for living things after the carbon cycle. One of the newest processes in the nitrogen cycle is the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process. Anammox is a process when nitrite is used as an electron acceptor in the conversion of ammonium to nitrogen gas with the help of anammox microbes. This study aims to isolate anammox bacteria from sediments from Karangkates resevoir using the Bottle Batch Reaktor method, as well as testing the activity of anammox bacteria in reducing excess ammonia in synthetic wastewater containing amonia using colorimetry method. This study also identifying the biodiversities of anammox microbes in sediment sample using Next Generation Squencing (NGS) testing. The stages in this research are: (1) Preparation of sediment samples and water samples from Karangkates resevoir, (2) water sample parameters analysis, (3) identification of microbial biodiversity involved in nitrogen cycle using Next Generation Squencing (NGS), (4) cultivation of samples in Bottle Batch Reactor and (5) analyse the performance microbes in removing ammonia. The NGS analysis obtained Anammox microbes from the Kuenen species, namely Candidatus Kuenenia Stuttgartiensis with an abundance of 0.07%. Apart from the plantomycetes phylum, it also found several other microbes which usually involved in the nitrogen cycle, such as Proteobacteria 40%, Bacteroidetes 4%, Planctomycetes 6%, Chloroflexi 1%, Nitrosomonas 0.03%, Nitrosospira 0.1%, Nitrospiraceae 0.5% and Pseudomonas 0.2%. The average of amonia removal in this study was 18 % mL/Day. Keywords: Anammox, Karangkates Reservoir, Biodiversity, Amonia Removal Candidatus Kuenenia Stuttgartiensis. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Abdul Khafid Syahroni)

34	Biochemistry	ABS-52
Innitial Study on Keratinase Production by Bacillus sp. MD24 and Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 Consortium Hanifatul Azizah and Suharti Suharti State University of Malang Abstract Chicken feathers are waste containing 82 percent protein in the form of keratin that enzymatically can be degraded by a class of protease called keratinase. Bacillus sp. MD24 and Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6, both were able to degrade chicken feathers at 37C, and pH 8. This condition offer possibility to combine both organism as a consortium to work synergistically in degrading chicken feathers. This paper reports our work on the production of keratinase by Bacillus sp. MD24 and Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 consortium. This paper also reports our work on improving keratinase by the consortium through addition metal ions and additional carbon sources. The keratinase production was performed by sub-merged fermentation and Co, Ni, Mn, Ca, Zn, Cu, and Fe were tested as metal ions supplement during fermentation. Various additional carbon sources were tested including glucose, corn flour, coconut pulp, and corn cobs. The result showed that keratinase production by the consortium was slightly increase compared to its member alone. Interestingly, although Mn, Ca, Zn, Cu, and Fe ions improved keratinase production by Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 it suppressed keratinase production by Bacillus sp. MD24 and none of those metal ions improved keratinase production by the consortium. However, Mn ion did not suppress the enzyme production. Coconut pulp shortened keratinase production by Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 but not for Bacillus sp. MD24 and the consortium. Overall, it concluded that the consortium did not work well. The keratinase production by Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 alone was improved by adding some metal ions and coconut pulp, however its activity was relatively low compared to the production by Bacillus sp. MD24 and the consortium. Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV TG6 was originated from salt pond and which might be better to produce keratinase under higher salt concentration. Keywords: metal ions, keratinase, chicken feather, fermentation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hanifatul Azizah)

35	Biochemistry	ABS-53
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROBES FROM TANNING WASTE SEDIMENTS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS OF CHROME WASTE Mohamad Febby Setyawan1, a) Eli Hendrik Sanjaya1, b) Departemen of Chemistry, Faculty Of Matematic and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang Abstract Abstract. The tanning industry is one of the sources of pollutants in Indonesia. Various kinds of contaminants produced by the Tanning Industry are hazardous substances, including heavy metals. Chromium is one of the most dangerous heavy metals, its hexavalent states are even more toxic than its trivalent states. Bioremediation is one way to reduce heavy metal contamination, including chromium hexavalent. One solution to overcome Cr(VI) pollution is using Cr-resistant bacteria. This study aims to explore Cr-resistant bacteria from tanning sediment waste. Screening of Cr(VI) resistant microbes was performed using LB Agar media containing Chromium(VI) 50 ppm. Two isolates are coccus-shaped Gram-negative bacteria (Isolates C and B) and Gram-positive bacteria in the form of coccus (Isolate A). Isolate A can withstand Cr(VI) concentrations of up to 400 ppm and has a reduced ability of Cr(VI) up to 74% at concentrations of 200 ppm. Meanwhile, C and B isolates can survive at Cr(VI) concentrations up to 300 ppm and can absorb Cr(VI) up to 68% at a concentration of 100 ppm. Keywords: bioremediation, chrome wastewater, tannery industries Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mohamad Febby)

36	Biochemistry	ABS-56
Comparison Effectiveness of Reducing Iron (Fe) Heavy Metal Levels in Cassava Peel Waste with Chemical and Biological Methods Julia Porman Tambunan, 1, a) Adilla Latifa Adisti, 2, b) Aprizky Heldinto, 2, c) Ratna Ayu Permata Aini, 2, d) Eli Hendrik Sanjaya 1, e), Mohamad Febby Setiawan 1, f), Suharti 1, g), Muntholib 1, h), Aman Santoso 1, i) Universitas Negeri Malang Abstract Heavy metals are non-biodegradable or cannot be decomposed so they tend to accumulate in an environment. Heavy metal exposure that occurs continuously and in a long term is very dangerous and can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. Various efforts have been made to reduce heavy metal levels in the environment, and many ways and methods are carried out, such as biological and chemical methods. Thus, the research aims to determine the percent reduction in iron (Fe) levels using chemical and biological methods to obtain the most effective method of reducing Fe levels in cassava peel waste. The stages in the research are (1) siderophore testing on Bacillus isolates. (2) production of bacterial starter (3) manufacture of calcium hydroxide solution. (4) application of Fe content reduction in chemical and biological methods, and (5) analysis of Fe content of cassava peel samples. Based on the results of the analysis of Fe levels after the experiment using biological and chemical methods, there was no significant decrease in both methods. This is presumably because the measured Fe content is the total Fe content. In the applied biology method, bacteria cannot be separated from the sample so it^s also measured. In the chemical method, the experimental sample was not grinded, so the Fe metal was still bound to organic compounds in the cassava peel when precipitation was carried out with calcium hydroxide. In the next experiment by using the biological method, the sample that has been tested can be dissolved and then analyzed for Fe in the sample solution so that the Fe content before and after treatment can be distinguished. Meanwhile, in the chemical method, the sample can be grinded before the experiment is carried out. Keywords: : Cassava peel, Iron Heavy Metals, Bioremediation, Precipitation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Julia Porman Tambunan)

37	Biochemistry	ABS-57
In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Kalamansi Orange Peel (Citrus microcarpa bunge) Essential Oil on Mice Lymphocyte Cell Proliferation Gustria Ernis,1, a) Dyah Fitriani,2, b) and Yeni Saputri2, c) 1) Department of Science Laboratory , Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu City, 38371, Indonesia 2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu City, 38371, Indonesia Abstract Immunomodulators remain the most crucial part of the prevention and even treatment process for various diseases related to the body^s immune system. Kalamansi orange peel is a waste from the kalamansi syrup industry which is widely available in Bengkulu. This can be used to extract the essential oil from the peel of kalamansi orange which is known to have high antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential immunomodulatory activity of kalamansi orange peel essential oil on mouse lymphocyte cell proliferation in vitro. The essential oil was obtained by steam-water distillation method. immunomodulator test was carried out by taking essential oils with varying concentrations, namely 6.25- 12.5- 25- 50- and 100 g/mL. Isolated lymphocyte cells were obtained from the spleen of Swiss Webstern strain mice. Lymphocyte cell proliferation test was performed using MTT Assay and absorbance was measured using an ELISA reader at 550 nm. In this study, the essential oil yield was 2.13%. The results of the immunomodulator activity test analysis showed that the essential oil of kalamansi orange peel has potential immunomodulatory activity against lymphocyte cell proliferation. The highest immunomodulatory activity was obtained at an essential oil concentration of 50 g/mL with an optical density (OD) value of 0.348. Keywords: esensial oil- immune system- immunomodulator- kalamsi orange peel- proliferation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Gustria Ernis)

38	Biochemistry	ABS-67
Filogenetic Analysis of Indigenous Wood Rot Fungus From East Java and Their Potential as Ligninase Producers in Kirk Medium Evi Susanti1,2*, Suharti1,2, Eli Hendrik Sanjaya1,2, M. Irhamul Iqbal1 dan Avin Arinta1 1Chemical Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri, Malang, East Java, Indonesia 2Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Abstract Exploration of indigenous wood rot fungus (WRF) producing ligninase from tropical areas such as Indonesia has not been widely carried out. Whereas Indonesia is known to have microbial mega biodiversity, so it is possible that there could be found the novel WRF that capable of producing distinctive ligninase. KLUM1, KLUM2 are indigenous KPK isolates obtained from the Kediri Cocoa Plantation and PnUM from the forst of Pujon Malang at East Java Indonesia. Kinship analysis based on microscopic observations is difficult to carry out at the species level. So in this study, a phylogenetic analysis was carried out to the species level based on the Internal Transcribed Sequence (ITS) using ITS4-ITS5 primers and identification of biochemical potentials including identification of lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase produced in standard Kirk medium. The isolates KLUM1 and KLUM2 were suspected to be novel WRF strains because KLUM1 only had 99% similarity with Myceliophtora thermophilia and KLUM2 of 97% with Thermothelomyces guttulata, while PnUM was identified as Phialemonium inflatum because it had 100% similarity. All three have the ability to produce LiP and MnP which are more dominant than laccase in standard Kirk medium. Thus, the three isolates have the potential to be explored as a source of ligninase enzymes. The exploration of the ligninase ability of these three isolates in various mediums will be interesting for further research in an effort to produce ligninase that is unique and has high activity. Keywords: tropical ligninolytic fungus, ligninase, indigneous Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Evi Susanti)

39	Biochemistry	ABS-79
HYDROLYSIS OF MIDDLE CHAIN FATTY ACID BY LIPASE FROM BREVIBACILLUS SP. Syifa F. Syihab 1), Akhmaloka 2), Fida Madayanti Warganegara 3), Rina Budi Satiyarti 4) 1) Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Sports Education and Health, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 2) Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Computer, Universitas Pertamina, Jakarta 12220, Indonesia 3) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 4) Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Lampung 35131, Indonesia Abstract Keywords: Brevibacillus, fatty acid, lipase, protein, purification Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Syifa Fakhomah Syihab)

40	Biochemistry	ABS-94
Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics of Endo-&#946--1,4 Xylanase Recombinant Wild Type and N63D Mutant from Bacillus sp. Termite Abdominal in Beechwood Hydrolysis to Xylooligosaccharides Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi, Zuhrotul Mahfudhoh,Wuryanti Handayani1Sudarko1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Jember, 68121, Jember, Indonesia Abstract Endo-&#946--1,4-D xylanase has been isolated from Bacillus sp. It plays a role in the hydrolysis of xylan substrates into xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and a small portion of xylose with the ability to hydrolyze for 15-20 hours. Based on the hydrolysis time, further research is needed to increase the effectiveness of the enzyme through modeling with the docking method and continued experimentally through the Site-directed Mutagenesis method to produce the N63D mutant. The interaction between N63D and the substrate has a lower Gibbs free energy value (&#916-G) compared to the interaction between the unmutated enzyme (wild type). The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization of the N63D mutant compared to its wild type by measuring the kinetics parameters and enzyme activity. Measurement of kinetic parameters and enzyme activity was carried out after incubation at 40 &#730-C for 1 h. The activity of the N63D mutant increased by 3.0 times compared to the wild type, respectively 0.3558 (U/mL) and 0.1183 (U/mL). Kinetic measurements showed that the N63D mutant had a 3.28-fold greater catalytic efficiency than the wild type, respectively 6.65442x10-7 (mL/sec.mg) and 2.02834x10-7 (mL/sec.mg). the kinetic efficiency of the N63D mutant was lower than the wild type, respectively 16.4537 (mg/mL) and 16.7394 (mg/mL). kcat N63D is larger than the wild type, respectively 1.0949x10-5 (sec-1) and 3.39531x10-6 (sec-1). Keywords: enzyme activity- enzymatic reaction kinetics- site-directed mutagenesis- xylanase Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Anak Agung Istri ratnadewi)

41	Biochemistry	ABS-95
Pectin Extraction from Cocoa Pod Husk from Different Drying Temperatures and Solvent Grades Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi1a, Ariza Budi Tunjung Sari2b, Vida Prasetianingtias1c, Ifah Wilda Qonita1d, Yeni Maulidah1e 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Jember, 68121, Jember, Indonesia 2Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute Abstract Keywords: Cocoa- extraction-pectin Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Anak Agung Istri ratnadewi)

42	Biochemistry	ABS-102
Microbial Conversion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) into Biosurfactant Mieke Alvionita, Agustono Wibowo, and Yemima Thorchi State University of Malang Abstract Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is one of the palm oil processing wastes. The increasing demand for palm oil can directly increase POME production which can have an impact on environmental pollution. An alternative in reducing POME waste is by utilizing it as a growth substrate for biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Biosurfactants continue to be of interest to several industry players given their environmentally friendly characteristics. Therefore, the biggest challenge is knowing the optimal conditions for increasing biosurfactant production using POME as a microbial substrate. This research focuses on the production of BS using the bacterium Bacillus arlettae MPP-1. Optimization is done by varying the concentration of POME (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, 20%) in the production media to determine the best productivity. The best biosurfactant activity was observed based on the results of the oil spreading test and the value of the emulsification index. Based on the results obtained, the best emulsification and oil spreading activity values &#8203-&#8203-were obtained from the medium containing 8% pome (v/v) with the best production time occurring after 40 hours of incubation with a temperature of 37oC and an aeration speed of 100 rpm. Crude biosurfactants produced using POME are also known to be able to emulsify used cooking oil with an emulsification activity of 19.85% &#8203-&#8203-higher than production without POME, which is 32,35%. This shows that the biosurfactants in this study can be used as bioremediation agents. Keywords: Biosurfactant, Palm Oil Mill Effluent, Microbial Conversion Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yemima Thorchi)

43	Biochemistry	ABS-107
Exploration and Characterization of Extracellular Protease Producing Bacteria from Bledug Kuwu and Its Potential in Degrading Chicken Feathers Suharti Suharti, Nur Faridah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Keywords: protease chicken featherd Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suharti Suharti)

44	Biochemistry	ABS-111
Optimization of Culture Medium of Production Cellulolytic Enzyme Isolated from Termite Gut in Indralaya Peatlands, Indonesia Dwita Oktiarni (1, 2*), Hermansyah (3**), Eddy Ibrahim (4), Marsi (5), Hasanudin(3), Miksusanti(3), Dede Heri Yuli Yanto(6), Nanik Rahmani(7), Getari Kasmiarti(8) 1) Doctoral Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Graduate School, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Tel.: +62-711-580269 ext. 580056, Fax.: +62-711-580056. *dwita.oktiarni[at]unib.ac.id 2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, Jl. WR. Supratman Kandang Limun, Muara Bangka Hulu, Bengkulu 38371, Bengkulu, Indonesia. 3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Tel.: +62-711-580269 ext. 580056, Fax.: +62-711-580056 **hermansyah[at]unsri.ac.id 4) Department of Mine, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia 5) Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia 6) Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia 7) Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center. Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia 8) Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Graduate Program Universitas Sriwijaya, Jalan Padang Selasa No.524, Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Abstract Bioethanol is an energy source that has the potential to be developed as an eco environmentally energy. Enzymatic process can be used for cellulosic biomass to to produce bioethanol. Termite is the organisms that consume cellulose as a food source. In this study, cellulolytic bacteria from termite gut were optimized to increase the cellulolytic enzyme production. Several factors can affect the growth and production of cellulase enzymes. In this research, optimizing the culture medium followed by different carbon sources, various concentration of carbon sources, diverse nitrogen sources, various concentration of nitrogen sources, pH, temperature, and agitation were examined. The result showed that medium optimal with higher enzyme activity was obtained in the addition of a carbon source of fructose with concentration of 3.5%, nitrogen source of sodium nitrate with concentration of 2%, pH of 5, temperature of 45oC, and agitation of 150 rpm. Keywords: bioethanol, cellulolytic enzyme, termite Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dwita Oktiarni)

45	Biochemistry	ABS-114
Potential Of East Java Indigenous Anammox Microbes From Selorejo Reservoir As Degrading Agents Of Ammonia Wastewater Much. Sayfulloh Alwy,1, a) Eli Hendrik Sanjaya,1, b) Abdul Khafid Syahroni,1,c) Mohd Fadhil MD Din 2, d) , Suharti Suharti1,e) , Mieke Alvionita1,f), Anugrah Ricky Wijaya1,g), Muntholib Muntholib1,h), Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas3,i), and Hong Chen4,j) 1) Departement of Chemistry, Faculty Of Matematic and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No 5 Malang 65145, Est Java, Indonesia 2) Civil and Environmental Enginering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 3) Departement Of Biology Faculty Of Matematic and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No 5 Malang 65145, Est Java, Indonesia. 4) School Of Hydraulic Enginering, Changsha University Of Scince and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China. Abstract Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) microbes play a role in the process of changing from ammonium ions to nitrogen gas with nitrite as an electron acceptor. Eventhough most of the Indonesian territorial are rivers and sea which very suitable for Anammox microbial growth, the research about Anammox microbes in Indonesia are very limited.One of the waters that may be inhabited by Anammox microbes is the Selorejo Reservoir which is expected to be inhabited by Anammox Cadindatus Brocadia microbes. This study aims to determine the presence of Anammox microbes and their activities in the waters of the Selorejo Reservoir using the Anaerobic Bottle Bath Reactor method. The stages in this research include: (1) sample preparation (2) Anammox microbes analysis using NGS (3) isolation of bacteria with an Anaerobic Bottle Reactor (4) testing bacterial activity in reducing ammonia levels using Colorimetry. The results of this study showed that Next Generation Squencing (NGS) analysis detected an indigenous Anammox microbial of Cadindatus Kuineneia Stutgartensis with an abundance of 0,1% of the total microbes present. In addition to anammox microbes, there are also other microbes that play a role in the nitrogen cycle, which are nitriification and denitrification bacteria, namely Nitrospira, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas, and Pseudomonas. The Average of Ammonia during batch experiments is 0.10%/Day Keywords: Anammox, Reactor, Cadindatus Brocadia, Indigen, Cadindatus Kuinenia Stutgartensis. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Much Sayfulloh Alwy)

46	Biochemistry	ABS-118
Antioxidant Activity Of Ethanol Extract Ulva sp And Gracilaria sp From Sayang Heulang Using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) Method Sri Maryam,1 Nurul Novianti,1 Lita Mulyani,1 and Windy Widowaty 2,*) 1) Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Al-Ghifari University Jl. Cisaranten Kulon No. 140 Bandung 2) Departement of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, Al-Ghifari University Jl. Cisaranten Kulon No. 140 Bandung *Corresponding author: windy.widowaty[at]unfari.ac.id Abstract Ulva sp and Gracilaria sp are found on the coast of Sayang Heulang beach and have the potential as natural antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant capacity of the two types of seaweed using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method. Ulva sp and Gracilaria sp were taken from Sayang Heulang Beach in March 2022. Each type of seaweed was extracted using 70% ethanol for 3x24 hours. The extract was then concentrated using a rotary evaporator for further analysis. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic extract of Ulva sp was positive for flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, while the Gracilaria sp extract was positive for alkaloids, flavonoid tannins, steroids, and saponins. The antioxidant capacity of Ulva sp and Gracilaria sp ethanol extracts was carried out using the FRAP method with ascorbic acid used as standard. Each seaweed extract was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 694 nm. The measurement results were expressed as mg equivalent of ascorbic acid/gram extract (mg AAE/gr sample). The analysis showed that the ethanolic extracts of Ulva sp and Gracilaria sp had antioxidant capacity values of 1.8 mg AAE/gr sample and 5.50 mg AAE/gr sample, respectively. This study is expected to provide information about the potential bioactivity of seaweed originating from the Sayang Heulang beach, Garut, especially Ulva sp and Gracilaria sp. Keywords: Antioxidant, Ulva sp, Gracilaria sp, FRAP Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Windy Widowaty)

47	Biochemistry	ABS-120
The Role of Trp201 in Bacillus aquimaris MKSC 6.2 \(\alpha\)-Amylase for Starch Binding Ayra Ulpiyana, Diandra Sekar Annisa, Josephine Claudia Tan, Fernita Puspasari, Reza Aditama, Ihsanawati & Dessy Natalia Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Abstract \(\alpha\)-Amylases (\(\alpha\)-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase- EC 3.2.1.1) catalyze the hydrolysis of \(\alpha\)-1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch and glycogen to produce linear and branch oligosaccharides. \(\alpha\)-Amylase has a wide spectrum of industrial applications such as in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, and bioethanol industries. A marine bacteria Bacillus aquimaris MKSC 6.2 produces \alpha-amylase BaqA which is a member of a new glycosyl hydrolase 13 subfamily characterized by a sequence fingerprint of two consecutive tryptophan residues (Trp201 and Trp202, BaqA numbering). These residues are located in the helix \(\alpha\)3 of the catalytic (\(\beta\)/\(\alpha\))\(_{8}\)-barrel and are predicted to have a function in the starch binding site based on in silico analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Trp201 in starch hydrolysis by employing molecular biology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics approach. BaqA\(\Delta\)C which is a truncated form of BaqA has been previously generated and was designated as ^wildtype^. In this study, the BaqA\(\Delta\)C Trp201Ala variant has been constructed by the site-directed mutagenesis method. Both BaqA\(\Delta\)C and BaqA\(\Delta\)C W201A were expressed in Escherichia coli ArcticExpress (DE3) and purified with Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography. The BaqA\(\Delta\)C and BaqA\(\Delta\)C Trp201Ala were produced as soluble proteins with a molecular weight of ~58 kDa based on SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability of BaqA\DeltaC Trp201Ala in soluble starch hydrolysis was found to be only 2.5% of BaqA\(\Delta\)C. Further investigation through molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies showed that BaqA\(\Delta\)C W201A has lower stability and shorter ligand interaction time in the substrate binding site compared to that of BaqA\(\Delta\)C. Taken together, these results indicate that Trp201 has important in starch binding. Keywords: \(\alpha\)-amylase, BaqA\(\Delta\)C, binding, starch, tryptophan Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ayra Ulpiyana)

48	Biochemistry	ABS-139
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanosized Mg0.2Fe2.8O4/AC/TiO2 Composite for Removal Pb(II) from Water Berliantty Warim Putri, Ahmad Taufiq*, Chusnana Insjaf Yogihati, ST. Ulfawanti Intan Subadra, Sunaryono, Nandang Mufti, Markus Diantoro, Muhammad Safwan Abd Aziz2 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Laser Center, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81100 Johor Bahru, Malaysia Abstract This study aimed to synthesize the nanosized Mg0.2Fe2.8O4/AC/TiO2 composite for removal Pb(II) from water. The crystal structure and functional group of the sample were evaluated using XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. The morphology and band gap energy of the sample were characterized by means of SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the absorbance performance of the nanocomposite for removal Pb(II) was evaluated using AAS characterization. The results of the data analysis in this study showed that the Mg0.2Fe2.8O4/AC/TiO2 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The result of the XRD characterization presented the 2 phases, namely Fe3O4 and TiO2. The FTIR characterization results showed that the nanocomposite had a Fe-O bond at the tetrahedral and octahedral positions that were detected in the wavenumber range of 800-500 cm-1. The SEM image showed that the morphology of nanocomposite tended to agglomerate with a particle size distribution of 44.3 nm. The band gap energy resulting from the UV-Vis test analysis was 3.492 eV. Interestingly, the absorption efficiency for removal PB(II) of the Mg0.2Fe2.8O4/AC/TiO2 nanocomposite reached 99.08%-99.90%. Keywords: Mg0.2Fe2.8O4/AC/TiO2, composite, removal Pb(II), nanosized Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Taufiq)

49	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-7
Synthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose - Collagen - Glycerol as Artificial Duramater Prihartini Widiyanti (a), Inas Fatimah (a), Adri Supardi (b) (a)Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia pwidiyanti[at]fst.unair.ac.id (b) Physics Departement, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia Abstract The occurrence of head trauma could cause problems such as concussions. The occurrence of a collision sometimes could cause direct trauma that causes dural tear which if not promptly treated, it could be fatal. In the previous research, it has created the dura mater derived from bacterial cellulose - collagen, but the sample was too stiff and fragile. This study is performed addition of plasticizers with a variation of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%, to decrease the tensile strength. The test results of functional groups test using Fourier Transform Infrared showed that the test group had their functional groups of O-H stretching that provided information on the presence of glycerol in the samples of cellulose I and C-O bond stretching at 1053.85 cm-1 which is an group I amide and indicates the presence of collagen. The best sample is sample with the addition of glycerol 0.3% with a tensile strength of 23.58 MPa. This value is corresponded to the standard artificial dura mater which was in the range 0.6 to 16 MPa and elongation value at 8.6%, according to the artificial dura elongation of 7-14%. In the cytotoxicity test, it was obtained a percentage of living cells above 50%, which meant that the material was not toxic when applied to the body and the most optimal degradation test was on the sample of bacterial cellulose - collagen - 0.1% glycerol for 14 days which was degraded 18.85%. The conclusion of this study was that microbial cellulose-collagen-glycerol is a material that has potential as a candidate artificial dura mater. Keywords: Artificial duramater- bacterial cellulose- collagen- glycerol Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Prihartini Widiyanti)

50	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-8
Hydrogel-Collagen/PVA as Artificial Cartilage for Osteoarthritis Application Prihartini Widiyanti (a), Siswanto (b), Desi Darmawani (a) a) Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C Unair Mulyorejo, Surabaya,60115, Indonesia b) Physics Study Program, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C Unair Mulyorejo, Surabaya,60115, Indonesia Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of degeneration in the joints involving the cartilage, the lining of joints, ligaments, and bones, causing pain and stiffness in the joints. In 2013, cases of OA reached 30% in the community aged 40-60 years. In addition, OA is the number five disease that causes defects in women in developed countries. This study aims to determine the variation of the variation of PVA in the hydrogels of the characteristics of AC and to understand the optimal composition of hydrogels / PVA. Artificial cartilage (AC) is the latest technology to replace damaged knee cartilage. One candidate for artificial cartilage is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with a variety of collagen concentrations: PVA (80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 0: 100) using the freeze thawing method, freeze at -80&#8451- for 18 hours and 6 hours at room temperature. The swelling ratio based on the results obtained by the percentage of swelling depends on the increase. The results of compressive strength test show the results which are the literature on the composition variation of 60:40 with the number 14.64 MPa. in the composition variation 60:40 shows the best sample because the literature collection is 4.31MPa. The FTIR test showed that the interaction between the - OH group and C = O formed showed the synthesis of the successful hydrogels / PVA. The SEM test was carried out on the best sample, namely at a concentration of 60:40 with a pore size of 52.225 &#956-m and with a thickness of 1.98 &#956-m. Based on the results of compressive characterization and tensile strength showed the best samples and met the requirements of artificial cartilage at a concentration variation of 60:40. Keywords: artificial cartilage, Osteoarthritis, Hydrogel-collagen / PVA Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Prihartini Widiyanti)

51	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-39
Properties of Polymeric Bio-Composities of Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) Reinforced with Kenaf Fiber Iman Batrisyia Manarus Maddin MARA University of Technology Jengka Campus Pahang Branch,Lintasan Semarak, Bandar Jengka, 26400 Bandar Tun Razak, Pahang Abstract The growing awareness of environmental issues and the ecological risk that they constitute in modern society has coincided with the development of research into the environmental deterioration that is caused by human activities. The trash that is generated during the manufacturing of conventional plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) cannot be recycled due to the fact that these plastics are derived from petroleum. As a result, the deterioration of the marine ecosystem that has occurred as a direct result of the rising levels of pollution in the ocean has far-reaching implications for the ecological balance. Both the degradability behavior of kenaf fiber / PBAT in a soil environment and the properties of a bio-composite constructed from kenaf fibers and Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate were evaluated as part of this research. The research was carried out with the objective of evaluating both of these aspects (PBAT). The biodegradable polymer PBAT-reinforced kenaf fiber has the ability to transform many types of waste into valuable commodities. There is a near-certain correlation between increased knowledge of the need of protecting our planet^s forests and other natural areas and an increase in the demand for products that are favorable to the environment. Keywords: PBAT, Kenaf, Fiber, Biodegradable, Polymer, Reinforced, Bio-composite Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iman Batrisyia Manarus Maddin)

52	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-63
Chemical Properties of Hibiscus Cannabinus. L (Kenaf) Core Fatin Nur Asyiqin Shahruddin Universiti Teknologi MARA Abstract The stem fibres of the Kenaf plant (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) are used to make rope. After the fibre is taken from kenaf, the core is either left in nature or burned, which is bad for the environment. The core of kenaf is light (0.10-0.20 g/cm3) and has many holes. Even though research has shown that kenaf core is useful in insulating composites, medium-density particleboards, fire retardant-treated particleboards, polymer composites, thermo-acoustic applications, and sound barriers, it hasn^t gotten as much attention as bast fibre. This study introduces kenaf core as a bio-waste and its transformation into riches for various uses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemical properties of kenaf core in order to evaluate the properties of kenaf core with Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) bio composite. Several chemical analyses will be carried out to determine the chemical content of the kenaf core. Kenaf bio composite have been applied in automotive components and furniture components. Green and sustainable commodities would have a price premium in the future, which might apply to throwaway tableware and silverware, pots and bowls, pack foils, and straws. Keywords: Kenaf core, Biodegradable composite, Biocomposite, PBAT Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fatin Nur Asyiqin Shahruddin)

53	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-64
Exploring Hylocereus spp and Its Potential Applications: A Review Nur Syaza Iman Muhamad Salleh, Hairul Amani Abdul Hamid, Nursyamsyila Mat Hadzir, Siti Wahidah Puasa, Noraini Hamzah, Ayub Md Som School of Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Industrial Process Reliability and Sustainability Research Group (INPRES), College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Abstract This review plans to provide an overview of the Hylocereus spp as a whole, focusing on their morphology, how they are propagated and cultivated, what are the optimum conditions for them to be propagated and cultivated in, their nutritional and medicinal benefits, and the application of these plants in different industries such as cosmeceuticals, food and beverage, wastewater treatment, and its potential uses in oil and gas industry. Pitaya is becoming increasingly popular as a staple crop in different countries across various regions from Central America to Asia due to its rich nutritional make-up making it an excellent source of dietary fiber, vitamins, fructose, and minerals. Moreover, cultivators are attracted to this plant species due to their relatively high yield and the crop^s longevity, with one plant lasting up to 25-30 years. At the moment, there is very little information on maximising the full potential of this plant^s uses and benefits to consumers and industries across the world. Hence, this review may provide a guideline and detailed background to develop a better understanding of the pitaya plant including the fruits as well as the by-products, and expand the market and its applications in different industries. Keywords: Hylocereus spp, Hylocereus Undatus, White Dragon Fruit, Pitaya Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (NUR SYAZA IMAN MUHAMAD SALLEH)

54	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-83
Bending Properties of Particleboard from Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf), Leucaena sp. (Petai belalang), and Hevea brasiliensis (Rubberwood) Muhammad Hazwan Bin Khalid, Nurrohana Ahmad, Mohd Zaim Bin Mohd Nor, Nur Sakinah Mohamed Tamat, Rafizah Mansor, Wan Mohd Nazri Bin Wan Abdul Rahman Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Wood Industry, University Technology MARA Abstract This study presents the manufacturing of particleboard produced from a mixture of sustainable biomaterials. The evaluations are conducted to determine the bending properties of particleboard from the mixture of Kenaf core, Leucaena, and Rubberwood and the effect of different biomaterial ratios on particleboard properties. The usage of urea-formaldehyde (UF) as a particleboard binder and target board density of 700 kg/m3 were studied. Particleboards were assessed for the properties of bending according to BS EN310:1993. Samples were tested by using a universal testing machine (Instron) to get the bending result- modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). Treatment of 5% kenaf core (KC5%) shows the highest strength and is followed by the treatment of 10% (KC10%) and 15% (KC15%). All three ratios for MOR meet the minimum standard requirement for BS EN Standard. For MOE, the treatment of KC15% does not meet the minimum requirement of the standard. The results revealed that increasing the ratio of the Kenaf core will decrease bending strength. However, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows no significant difference between those treatments. Therefore, all the treatments in this study have the potential to be used in particleboard manufacturing. In order to increase their bending properties, it would be important to consider possible of other biomaterials as a raw materials in further studies. Keywords: particleboard- rubberwood- Leucaena- kenaf- biomaterials ratio. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (MUHAMMAD HAZWAN KHALID)

55	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-108
Chemical Properties of Duck Gelatin Produced from Several Different Bone Parts using a Multilevel Extraction Method M. Habbib Khirzin, M.A. Liliyanti, T.A. Laksanawati1, A. Holik, D. Mutamimah Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi Abstract Gelatin extraction from the poultry bone has been carried out by several previous studies, but mostly it does not meet SNI standards. Improvements in extraction procedures and the selection of different bone sources need to be further investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of duck gelatin extracted from several different parts of the bone using the multilevel extraction method. The extraction used a modified result of previous research, using 0.5 M HCl for 12 hours followed by 1M HCl for 12 hours. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design with 4 treatments, namely TB (tibia bone), RB (radius bone), HB (humerus bone), and SB (sternum bone). The results showed that the extraction of gelatin from several different parts of the bone gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on the ash, fat, and protein content but tended not to be significant effect on the yield, water and carbohydrate content. The water content of gelatin from TB, RB, HB, and SB was 3.79- 4.97- 5.14- 4.83, ash content was 7.94- 5.44- 4.34- 2.12, fat content was 5.48- 5.95- 5.95- 4.45, protein content was 64.62- 69.67- 67.79- 74.45, carbohydrate by difference content was 18.16- 13.95- 16.75- 14.14, and yield percentage was 9.36-11.5-11.7-10.77. Overall, only the gelatin extracted from the sternum (SB) met SNI standards for all parameters. The results of this research provide an evaluation of previous research. Gelatin SB can be used as raw material for making biomaterials such as edible films and bioplastics for further research. Keywords: chemical properties, duck bone, gelatin, multilevel extraction Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Habbib Khirzin)

56	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-116
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ASSAY WHITE RAT GASTER (Rattus norvegicus) EXPOSED TO FORMALIN AND TREATED GRAPE SEED ETHANOL EXTRACT (Vitis vinifera) Arifiani Agustin Amalia,1, b) Ana Hidayati Mukaromah,1, a) Mudyawati Kamaruddin,1, c) 1) Masters Program in Clinical Laboratory Science, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. Street of Kedungmundu Raya No.18 Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. a) Corresponding author: ana_hidayati[at]unimus.ac.id b) Electronic mail: arifiani.agustinamalia[at]gmail.com c) Electronic mail: mudyak706[at]gmail.com Abstract The use of formalin as a food preservative can cause a decrease in the height of the gastric mucosa. Formalin works by inhibiting gastrin secretion which results in an increase in HCl secretion in the stomach. The increase in HCl secretion in the stomach causes an increase in ROS levels which can cause oxidative stress which causes lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane, resulting in gastric histopathological changes. Grape seed extract contains flavonoid compounds as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of grape seed extract therapy on the improvement of gastric histopathology in white rats. White rats were probed using formalin at a dose of 25mg/kg orally once a day for 21 days. This study used 5 treatment groups, namely a negative control group, a positive control group (formalin exposure), and a grape seed extract therapy group at a dose of 0.035- 0.070, and 0.140g/mL/rat/day given orally once a day for 21 days. The gastric histopathology test with HE staining was analyzed using the Barthel Manja scoring method and analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis statistical test to determine the differences between each group. The results obtained were gastric mucosal epithelial integrity scores for a dose of 0.035- 0.070 and 0.140g/mL, respectively, namely 2.4- 2.0- and 0.6 which showed that grape seed extract therapy significantly (p<0.01) could improve histopathology in gastric mucosal epithelial cells. The conclusion of this study shows that grape seed extract therapy can improve the gastric histopathological picture of white rats, so that grape seed extract can be used as an alternative therapy in diseases caused by formalin exposure. Keywords: Gaster, Histopathology, Malondialdehyde, Formalin. Keywords: Formalin, Gaster, Histopathology, Malondialdehyde. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Arifiani Agustin Amalia)

57	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-129
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline (PANi)-Cellulose acetate Using Vapor Phase Polymerization (VPP) Method Nadila Anggraini Subagiyo, Dwi Indarti1, Bambang Piluharto Biomaterial Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Jember, Jalan Kalimantan 37 - Kampus Bumi Tegal Boto Kotak Pos 159 Jember 68121 Abstract Polyaniline has a weakness in the form of physical properties that are rigid and easily brittle, so it is necessary to composite it with a matrix that can overcome these weaknesses. Cellulose acetate is a membrane matrix that can be used to form composites with polyaniline because it has flexible properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in polymerization time on the PANi-cellulose acetate composite and the effect of the pore composition of the cellulose acetate membrane matrix on the conductivity value and to determine the characterization of functional groups. The synthesis of the PANi-cellulose acetate composite in this study was carried out using the vapor phase polymerization method with variations in polymerization time of 10, 20 and 30 minutes. The membrane matrix used in this study consisted of 3 variations of composition based on Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO) for each membrane are > 100 kDa, 100 kDa and > 40 kDa. The results of the synthesis produced a green PANi-cellulose acetate composite. The average conductivity value of the PANi-cellulose acetate composite produced was 10^-5 S/cm. The highest conductivity value was produced by the PANi-cellulose acetate composite membrane > 100 kDa with a polymerization time of 20 minutes of 4,39x10^-5 S/cm. FTIR analysis on each composite revealed the presence of typical polyaniline peaks in the form of quinoid and benzoid rings. The typical peak intensity of polyaniline also increases with the increase in the conductivity value of the PANi-cellulose acetate composite. Keywords: polyaniline, cellulose acetate, vapour phase polymerization, composite Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nadila Anggraini Subagiyo)

58	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-137
Fabrication of Mn0.25Fe2.75 O4/Ag/OA/DMSO Ferrofluids with Sunflower Oil Dispersion as Antibacterial Agent Nur Elma Ayu Wahyuni, Ahmad Taufiq, Arif Hidayat, Nandang Mufti, ST. Ulfawanti Intan Subadra Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract This research has succeeded in developing Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag/OA/DMSO ferrofluid based on natural sand and sunflower seed oil as antibacterial agents. The ferrofluid filler, Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag, was prepared by co-precipitation and reduction methods, and characterized by XRD and SEM to determine the crystal structure, morphology, and particle size. Furthermore, the functional groups of ferrofluid Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag/OA/DMSO are known from the FTIR test results. The antibacterial activity of ferrofluid has also been characterized using a good method to determine the diameter of the zone of inhibition of bacterial growth. XRD diffraction pattern shows that the highest peak of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag /Ag is located at 35.4o for Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag which is spinel inverse cubic and 38.1o for face-centred cubic Ag. Based on the analysis, the crystal size of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag was 9.52 nm for Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag and 12.5 nm for Ag. Ferrofluid fillers are composed of spherical particles and tend to agglomerate. The main functional groups of ferrofluid Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag /Ag/OA/DMSO detected were C-O, S-O, Fe-O and Mn-O at wavenumbers 1170, 950, 707, 410 cm-1. The C-O and S-O functional groups are characteristic of OA, DMSO, and sunflower seed oil. The result is if the ferrofluid Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag/OA/DMSO was successfully synthesized. The results of testing the antibacterial activity of ferrofluid using Escherichia coli bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria showed zone values of 5.72 mm and 6.60 mm. Keywords: Mn0.25Fe2.75 O4/Ag/OA/DMSO, ferrofluid, sunflower oil, antibacterial agent Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Taufiq)

59	Biomaterials, Tissue engineering, Pharmaceuticals Industry	ABS-138
Investigation of Structure and Antibacterial Activity of Fe3O4/Ag Nanocomposites Based on Psidium guajava Extract Elok Putri Cindya Sari, Ahmad Taufiq, Arif Hidayat, Robi Kurniawan, Nandang Mufti Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang, Indonesia Abstract Keywords: Fe3o4/Ag, Psidium guajava, nanocomposite, antibacterial activity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Taufiq)

60	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-12
Cinnamamide Derivatives as Anticancer Agent: Study of Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and ADMET Properties Herlina Rasyid1,*, Firdaus1, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto1, Seniwati1, Syadza Firdausiah1, Bahrun1, Wahyu Dita Saputri2 1) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Perintis Kemerdekaan 10, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, 90245 2) National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PUSPITEK, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia 15314 Abstract Cinnamamide has been known to have many prospect activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, anti-melanogenic, antitubulin, antidepressant, and anticancer. As an anticancer, there are 12 derivative compounds synthesized and tested in vitro against P388 cell. This study focuses the in silico analysis to know the interaction mechanism between cinnamamide derivatives and P-glycoprotein substrate through molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and ADMET properties. Molecular docking revealed that compound 10 has a lower binding energy than the others about -5.57 kcal/mol and have a hydrogen bond interaction with Trp231 residue. Molecular dynamic simulation between compound 10 and the standard (ZQU) show a similar binding energy through MM-PBSA method. ADMET properties calculation show that some compounds satisfy the minimum standard parameters in ADMET properties. Keywords: Cinnamamide, Anticancer, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic, ADMET Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Herlina Rasyid)

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