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61	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-60
Comparative Evaluation of Bending Properties of Particleboard Made from Kelempayan (Neolamarckia cadamba) and Improved by Using Different Methods Nur Sakinah Mohamed Tamat, Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Abdul Rahman, Jamaludin Kasim, Muhammad Hazwan Khalid Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang Abstract Fast growing species have recently become attractive to wood-based industry because of suitability as an alternative raw material in replacing rubberwood to maintain production capacity. Fast growing species are very economical, attain maturity faster and the tree can produce more wood. Kelempayan is a fast growing tropical tree species and the future of this tree as a source of raw material is great due to its multiple uses. This work aimed at evaluating the improvement in the bending properties of particleboard made from Kelempayan wood. Three methods were investigated: untreated Kelempayan particles were used to produce single layer particleboard using PF resin, alkali treated Kelempayan particles were used to produce single layer particleboard made from PF and untreated Kelempayan particles were used to produce three layers particleboard made from UF. The obtained particleboards were tested for their modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) according to the relevant Malaysian Standards (MS). The results indicated that particleboards produced from alkali treated Kelempayan particles and PF showed superior values for MOE and MOR, which well exceeded the performance level specified in MS standards for particleboards for furniture and structural grade. Untreated Kelempayan particles had the lowest MOE and MOR of the produced three layers particleboards. The study concluded that the alkali treatment of Kelempayan could be more effective and beneficial, when compared with untreated particles. Keywords: Bending properties, Kelempayan, particleboard, fast growing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nur Sakinah Mohamed Tamat)

62	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-85
Development of Machine Learning-Based QSAR Model for Virtual Screening of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Sudarko,1, a) Salsabila Safa A B S,1, b) Zulfikar,1, c) Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi 1, d), Wuryanti Handayani 1, e) 1. Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathemathics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia a. Corresponding author: darko[at]unej.ac.id b. Electronic mail: salsabilasafaabs[at]gmail.com c. Electronic email: zulfikar[at]unej.ac.id d. Electronic email: istri_dewi.fmipa[at]unej.ac.id e. Electronic email: wuriyanti.fmipa[at]unej.ac.id Abstract Abstract Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is mostly done by inhibiting the DPP-4 protein using an inhibitor compound, however it may cause headaches and indigestion as its side effect. This study has been focused on development of the DPP-4 inhibitor as new drug candidates for type 2 diabetes mellitus using the Machine Learning-based Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) for the virtual screening process. Training dataset has been obtained from the ChEMBL database with DPP-4 as target protein (code ChEMBL284), and it is used to find a model which then applied for virtual screening process of 884 million molecules obtained from the ZINC database. The screening processes based on the predicted activity values above the experimental activity values of the drugs that were already available and it is then screened again according to Lipinski Rule of 5 to find out the compounds that can be absorbed by the body. The compounds that can be absorbed by the body was docked using AutoDockVina software to determine the free energy value and interaction pattern between the compound and protein target to get recommendations for a new DPP-4 inhibitor candidate. Result obtained from best model with R2 test value of 0.69 is then used for virtual screening. The results of the virtual screening were 5 compounds that had the highest pIC50 values and not violating Lipinski^s RO5. These compounds had codes ZINC341837061, ZINC001359979988, ZINC001707862778, ZINC001722886251 and ZINC001726358542. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4, Machine Learning, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Salsabila Safa Adinda Bunga Sriwijaya)

63	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-109
Analysis of CoZnpo-HEX (CZP) Crystalisation Synthesised using Solvent-Free and Low-Temperature Heating Methods and Its Crystal Growth Simulation Anggraini Widya Ningtyas, Elva Oktavianti Pertiwi, Husni Wahyu Wijaya, Danar Danar, Meyga Evi Ferama Sari, Volkan Degirmenci, Nani Farida Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Abstract Zincophosphate having CZP structure (CoZnPO-HEX) is important as a catalyst in Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde with activated methylenic compounds or the Michael addition of nitroethane to olefin with different steric demand, acrolein and 2-phenylacrolein. Therefore, crystal growth study of CoZnPO-HEX is crucial for crystal habit modification as well as for optimization and expansion of the material^s functions. Several parameters of crystal growth, such as nucleation time, gel supersaturation, and crystal size changes during the synthesis process can be analysed by observing the material^s crystallisation profile. In this study, crystallisation analysis of CoZnPO-HEX synthesised using two different synthesis methods, solvent-free and low-temperature heating, has been investigated from its crystallinity curve based on Powder-XRD data supported by SEM and FTIR data. As a comparison, crystal growth simulation was performed using CrystalGrower software to determine the morphology, surface topography, and theoretical crystal growth mechanisms. From this study, we found that the nucleation time of the CoZnPO-HEX crystals in the low-temperature heating synthesis took place during the aging process. The crystal morphology of the as-prepared materials matched the simulation^s one. The CrystalGrower simulation proved that the smallest t-czp-1 tile started the nucleation on the crystal surface because of its low free energy. Keywords: CoZnPO-HEX, CZP, Crystallisation, Crystal Growth Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nani Farida)

64	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-110
Design of In-Silico Inhibitor COX-2 using DEEPScreen-QSAR and Molecular Docking Sudarko, Nahdiatul Ummah and Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, East Java, Indonesia Abstract HCC is cancer that develops from abnormal cell growth in the liver. Abnormal cell growth causes persistent inflammation. The protein that plays a role in cancer inflammation is COX-2 with the activation site located in the amino acids Tyr385 and Ser530. HCC can be prevented by blocking the active site of COX-2 using drugs (inhibitors). Machine learning will screen thousands to millions of compounds that have potential as anti-inflammatory HCC drugs by virtual screening. The classification-based virtual screening used is DEEPScreen-QSAR modeling. The Machine learning has been trained with dataset obtained from previous research to get the best QSAR model. The best QSAR model obtained has an accuracy of 0.776. The model was used for the virtual screening of 1,914,538 small molecules. The results of virtual screening using the DEEPScreen-QSAR model obtained were 796,810 molecules being active. Active molecules from the DEEPScreen virtual screening need to be re-screened using Lipinski RO5. The screening results obtained as many as 580,881 active molecules with 0 deviations (not violating Lipinski^s RO5), then the activity value was predicted. Prediction of the activity value/pIC50 of the drug candidate was carried out using QSAR regression. Evaluation of the regression QSAR model resulted in a comparison curve between the predicted value of activity/pIC50 and the value of activity/pIC50 experimentally in the form of R=0.694- R2=0.4818- MSE=5,253 and RMSE=2,291. The stage after the virtual screening is then validated or scored with molecular docking using AutodockVina in PyRx to determine the Gibbs^s free energy. Then visualization was carried out in 3D and 2D using PyMOL and BDS to determine the interaction between the ligand (potential drugs) and protein (COX-2). Based on the results of ligand and structure-based screening, recommendations for anti-inflammatory drugs in HCC were obtained, namely molecules with the code CHEMBL372052, CHEMBL366063, CHEMBL3941655, and CH Keywords: HCC Drugs- DEEPSCreen QSAR, Machine Learning, virtual screening Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sudarko darko)

65	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-127
Docking of Heparin 2S and 2SNS with 4C1 IDS Conformation Oligomer on FGF2-FGFR1 Terner Complex. Barroroh, Himmatul,1,2, a) Harir, Fajrul,1, b) Hakim, Lukman, 2,c) Safitri, Anna, 2,d) And Widodo, Widodo 2, e) 1) UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Jl. Gajayana No.50 Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65144. 2) Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65144 Abstract Based on clinical trial data, it seems that heparin has potential as an anticancer. Heparin is an oligosaccharide consisting of repeating units of glucosamine and iduronic acid. Heparin can have varying lengths of repeating units and sulfo groups attached to different positions. The iduronic acid in heparin can naturally be in the 2S0, 1C4 or 4C1 conformation. In this study, the potential and interaction of 2S and 2SNS heparin oligosaccharides with the iduronic conformation 4C1 with variations in length of 2-12 saccharide oligomers to FGF2-FGFR1 terner ligan-receptor complex will be studied by molecular docking using Autodock 4.2 with the default force field. The receptor suppose to be related to anticancer activity. This study aims to determine the preferential structure of the heparin-ligand-receptor complex, the interaction and the potential of the heparin length variation as an anticancer. Predictive test of heparin activity in preventing or inhibiting growth and spread (anti-neoplastic) in cancer used PassOnline. The stability of the docked complex structure was tested again by optimizing the docked structure on YASARA using the NOVA AMBER force field. Docking results showed that the score of approximated binding energy of heparin 2SNS 3-7 saccharides has low energy, namely -16.19, -15.83, -17.02, -16.66, -15.64 kcal/mol, respectively, with the lowest being heparin 5 saccharides. . Heparin 5 saccharide 2S has the lowest energy of -16.48 kcal/mol. Amino acid interactions that affect heparin activity on FGFR1-FGF2 are Lys 26, Lys 135, Lys 160, Lys 163, Lys 172, Lys 175, Lys 177, Lys 207, Asn 27, Lys 125, Lys 119, Arg 120, Thr 173. The re-optimization of the complex structure resulting from the docking of heparin 2SNS 5 saccharides resulted in more stable energy, namely -128.1 kcal/mol and 2S 5 sacharide is -62.3 kcal/mol. The similarity of the pose of the heparin-ligand-receptor complex can be seen through the RMSD value of 2SNS 5 sacharides of 1.697471 against Keywords: docking, heparin, FGF2, FGFR1 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Himmatul Barroroh)

66	Computational Chemistry and Material Sciences	ABS-133
Crystal Growth of IST-2 based on Its Crystallinity and CrystalGrower Simulation Elva O. Pertiwi, Anggraini W. Ningtyas, Danar Danar, Ubed S. F. Arrozi, Didik Prasetyoko, Nani Farida Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia Abstract Keywords: IST-2, Crystal Growth, AlPO4, Crystallisation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nani Farida)

67	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-16
The Prospect of Aluminum-based MOF for Dimethyl Ether Gas Adsorbents: A Review Ahmad Syarwani (a) and Yuniar Ponco Prananto (b*) a,b) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Abstract Dimethyl ether (DME) gas is expected to gradually replace the LPG supply in order to maintain national energy sustainability in Indonesia, thus study on DME storage as fuel gas is needed. Aluminum-based Metal Organic Framework (Al-MOF) have been explored in the last decades and is one of many potential candidates for DME gas adsorbent in a fuel tank. Moreover, Indonesia has a high abundance of aluminum ores that can be used to produce factory-scale Al-MOF. This work tries to identify some possible Al-MOF which can potentially be applied in the DME fuel tank storage. A systematic literature review was used in this study, based on scientific peer-reviewed journal articles written in English, especially articles published in the last 10 years (2012-2022). This study finds that there are several possible top candidates to be explored for DME adsorbent based on pore size and surface area of the synthesized MOF, namely Al-BDC and Al-BTC, in which BDC = 1,4-benzene dicarboxylate and BTC = 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate. Each candidates shows different pore morphology and physical properties but remains possible to be developed in practical use. In addition, the proposed Al-MOF are feasible to produce in industrial scale and has good thermal stability. Nevertheless, further research on gas adsorption-desorption using real DME gas samples, including computational simulation, is required before these adsorbents were used in actual forms and real conditions. Keywords: Fuel tank- Liquid petroleum gas- Porous material- Metal organic framework- Gas storage Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Syarwani)

68	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-20
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ALUMINA SUPPORTED METAL CATALYSTS TO THE NAPHTHENIC ACID EXTRACTION PROCESS OF PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi, Emilysa Izani Mohd Fadzil Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, 24600 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia Abstract Naphthenic Acids (NAs) found in crude oil is the major causes of corrosion problems in oil pipelines, distillation unit, storage, and facilities. As a result, crude oil with high NA will be marketed at lower price and considered as low quality. In this study, catalytic extraction reaction was conducted to lowering the Total Acid Number (TAN) in crude oil to below than one mgKOH/g utilizing 2-methylimidazole with the aid of different type of metal supported onto Alumina. The synthesize catalyst were Ca/Al2O3 and Ce/Al2O3 from alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal group. The metals were supported onto Alumina beads by using Incipient Wetness Impregnation (IWI) methods and calcined at 700&#8451-. Thermogravimetry Analysis - Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA-DTA) was used to determine the suitable calcination temperature for both catalysts. Petronas Penapisan Melaka crude oil was selected to be tested with original TAN of 5.30 mgKOH/g. The parameters studied were catalyst loading and reaction time. The catalytic reaction was fixed at reaction temperature of 27&#8451-. The results shows that Ca/Al2O3 and Ce/Al2O3 catalysts successfully reduced TAN value in acidic crude oil below than 1.00 mgKOH/g. Ca/Al2O3 catalyst gave a better reduction with 0.08 mgKOH/g compared to Ce/Al2O3 catalyst which only reduce to 0.65 mgKOH/g. Stretching mode of (M=O) were detected before and after the reaction while CH3 stretching, carboxylic acid (C=O), CH2 and CH3 bend was detected by FTIR analysis which indicates that there were impurities has been absorbed on both catalysts after the reaction. In summary, alkaline earth metal of Ca supported with Alumina is the best catalyst in the study. The catalytic extraction technique successfully extracts NAs from the crude oil sample thus reducing the TAN value to less than 1.00 mgKOH/g. Keywords: Acidic Crude Oil, Alkaline Earth Metal, Rare Earth Metal, Catalyst Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (NORSHAHIDATUL AKMAR MOHD SHOHAIMI)

69	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-41
Preparation of Porous Crystalline Zn(II)-tartrate Photocatalyst Ade H. Rafika1, Mohammad M. Khunur1, Rachmat T. Tjahjanto1, Yuniar P. Prananto1* 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65144, Indonesia *Corresponding author: prananto[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Preparation of porous crystalline Zn(II)tartrate for heterogeneous photocatalyst is reported here. As a photocatalyst, crystal stability is one of many important factors. It is expected that more cycles of catalysis can be achieved if the crystallinity of the photocatalyst is stable. The Zn(II)tartrate was synthesized at room temperature using the top bench solution method with a ZnCl2 and KNa Tartrate molar ratio of 1 to 1 in an aqueous solution. The precipitated Zn(II)tartrate was then dried at various drying temperatures (80, 100, and 120 C) and drying times (1 and 2 hours). Solids obtained from each series were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, powder X ray diffraction, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Infrared spectra of all sample series show characteristic functional groups of tartrates. X ray powder diffraction of the 1 hour treatment (100 and 120 C) and the 2 hours treatment (80, 100, and 120 C) show identical patterns of the anhydrous complex. Meanwhile, the 1 hour (80 C) treatment shows that the Zn(II)tartrate remains in the form of a hydrated complex, which is also evidenced by the broadband in the IR spectra. The 2 hours (100 C) treatment is suggested as the optimum treatment for the preparation of porous crystalline Zn(II)tartrate. The crystallinity of the obtained Zn(II)tartrate is around 74 up to 75% with 20 nm of average crystallite size. The DRS spectrum indicates that the Zn(II)tartrate prepared from the 2 hours (100 C) treatment has a high direct energy bandgap (5.54 eV) and absorbs UV light in the range of 200 up to 242 nm. Keywords: Metal-Organic Framework, Porous Material, Crystallinity, Photocatalyst, Tartrate Complex Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ade Hanindya Rafika)

70	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-80
Decomposition of Calcium carbonate in the presence of impurities Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto, Dwi Nur Arifiani, Yuniar Ponco Prananto Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University Abstract Calcium oxide is often used as a carbon dioxide adsorbent to form carbonate salts. The formed calcium carbonate can be recycled into calcium oxide through a calcination process at a temperature of 900 degree Celcius. Impure calcium compounds may contain magnesium, silica and alumina. This study aims to determine the effect of impurities on the recycling heating temperature and the reactivity of the resulting calcium oxide product. Three samples were prepared, namely C1 consisting of 14% \( \tt SiO_{2}\) and 86% \( \tt CaCO_{3}\), C2 consisting of 5% \( \tt Al_{2}O_{3}\) and 95% \( \tt CaCO_{3}\), and C3 consisting of 14% \( \tt SiO_{2}\), 5% \( \tt Al_{2}O_{3}\) and 81% \( \tt CaCO_{3}\). The percentages used are based on the composition found in natural limestone. Decomposition analysis was carried out using the DTG instrument and the initial and final compositions were analyzed using the XRF instrument. The results obtained indicate that the decomposition temperature is affected by the presence of impurities, and the reactivity of calcium oxide is not affected by the presence of impurities. Keywords: calcium carbonate, adosrbent, carbon dioxide Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto)

71	Inorganic Chemistry	ABS-128
PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY TEST ON SYNTHESIS Fe3+-DOPED TiO2 NANOPARTICLE IN A METHYLENE BLUE SOLUTION Novita Andarini*, Tita Dian Nofita, Tanti Haryati, Suwardiyanto, Yudi Aris Sulistiyo Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Jember University, Jember, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: novita.fmipa[at]unej.ac.id Abstract Keywords: Fe-TiO2- Photocatalysis- Methylene Blue Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novita Andarini)

72	Material Science in Construction Engineering	ABS-13
Theoretical Ionizing Radiation Shielding Properties of Thulium Doped Zinc Borotellurite Glass Rusni, N.A.M. (a), Hasnimulyati, L. (b), Azuraida, A. (c) (a) Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pahang, Kampus Jengka, 26400 Bandar Pusat Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia (b) Department of Physics, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Abstract Ionizing radiation is considered hazardous to human health but it is very crucial for many applications such as nuclear fuel processing and medical radiography. Glass has played a huge role as shielding material for ionizing radiation in the application that requires line of sight. Nowadays, lead glass is commonly used in industry due to its properties of high density. However, lead toxicity can give harmful effects on humans health and the environment. As for concrete, it takes a lot of space, blocks the line of sight and the density of concrete may reduce due to prolonged exposure to radiation. To cater these problems, this study proposed a glass composition that is thulium doped zinc borotellurite glass. Thulium is used due to its potential such as resistance to corrosion and oxidation, good ductility and does not pose any environmental threat. In this study, Phy-X and WinXCom software is used. The main goal of this research is to study the theoretical radiation shielding parameters of thulium doped zinc borotellurite glass. Based on the results, it is found that the best glass sample is the sample composition with 5% thulium oxide whereby it has the highest value for mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), atomic cross section (ACS), electronic cross section (ECS), effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron density (Neff). The best glass sample with 5% thulium oxide also yields the results of the lowest half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP). Comparing the results of Phy-X and WinXCom, it is found that the deviation between the software is less than 5%. Also, when the results for each radiation shielding parameter of 5% thulium oxide are compared with other radiation shielding materials, significant results are found where the proposed glass sample provides better shielding against gamma radiation. Keywords: ionizing radiation- shielding material- lead toxicity- thulium doped zinc borotellurite glass- Phy-X- WinXCom- deviation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nur Arina Binti Mat Rusni)

73	Material Science in Construction Engineering	ABS-31
The Effect of Adding Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morpology Properties of Epoxy Composites Dandy Ramadhan Tri Hutomo 1, a), Istiroyah 1, b), Herry Purnomo 2, c), Yurohman 3, d), Mohamad Baiquni 4, e) Author Affiliations 1Department of Physics, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia. 2Research Center for Rocket Technology, Research Organization for Aeronautics and Space, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16350, Indonesia. 3Center of Polymer Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Banten 15314, Indonesia. 4Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology Park, Deputy for Research and Innovation Infrastructure, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia. Author Emails a)Corresponding author: dandyrth[at]student.ub.ac.id b)istie[at]ub.ac.id c)herry.purnomo[at]brin.go.id d)yuro001[at]brin.go.id e)moha040[at]brin.go.id Abstract The present study investigates the tensile, thermal, and morphology properties of an epoxy resin matrix reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt.%). In this research work, ultrasonication techniques were used to disperse the MWCNTs in the epoxy matrix with and without acetone solvent. Tensile tests were performed to investigate the effect of the addition of MWCNTs on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young^s modulus, while the thermal properties were determined by thermal conductivity. The quality of dispersion with and without acetone solvent media was examined based on observations performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM analysis was used to investigate the morphology of the tensile fractured surface and the dispersion of the MWCNTs in the epoxy resin matrix, since the quality of the dispersion influences the mechanical, thermal, and morphology properties of composites. It was found that the addition of MWCNTs to the epoxy resin matrix and the use of an acetone solvent in the sonication process affected the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite. Experimental results showed that with the MWCNTs at 1 wt.% of the epoxy/MWCNTs/acetone composite, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young^s modulus of the composite reached 38.78 MPa and 2.10 GPa, respectively, or increased by 102% and 4% compared to a neat epoxy composite, while compared with the MWCNTs at 1 wt.% of the epoxy/MWCNTs composite, they increased by 39% and 27%, respectively. In addition, the thermal conductivity increased by 5%, compared to a neat epoxy composite, from 0.2371 to 0.2489 W/m.K. Keywords: Nanocomposites, epoxy matrix, MWCNTs, acetone, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, SEM Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dandy Ramadhan Tri Hutomo)

74	Material Science in Construction Engineering	ABS-134
The Effect of adding TiO2 Nanoparticles in Aluminum Silicon through the Stir Casting Process Johan Wayan Dika, Salnan Sabdo Wibowo, Mashudi, and Abi Suwito Nahdlatul Ulama University of Blitar Abstract Aluminum Silicon is an alloy material whose usefulness can be used in various automotive applications and the aerospace industry. With the potential for extraordinary abilities such as cast ability, abrasion resistance, and excellent strength, it makes this material to be continuously carried out in engineering research. One of the engineering efforts is to add nanomaterials to a liquid aluminum silicon alloy. As it is known that nanotechnology is becoming familiar and research continues in recent times. This is because nanotechnology is able to present better mechanical properties than before. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the nanoparticles that will be used in this research. The use of nanomaterials is based on the properties that are able to add tensile strength to aluminum silicon alloys. This research begins with conducting a needs analysis, purchasing materials, smelting processes and adding TiO2 with the stir casting method, making samples, and testing samples consisting of tensile tests, hardness tests. The variations of the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles are 2%, 3%, and 4%. The highest tensile strength was 158.6 MPa at the addition of 4%, while Aluminum silicon with the addition of 2% and 3% was 131.3 MPa and 146.4 MPa, respectively. The highest hardness value is found in the addition of 4% with a value of 79.3 HV. While the addition of 2% and 3%, respectively, the hardness values obtained were 60.2 and 69.1 HV. Keywords: Aluminium Silicon, TiO2, Hardness, Tensile Strength Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Johan Wayan Dika)

75	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-3
The Effect of Orange Peel addition and Orange Peel-CTAB modification on the ability of ZnO to degrade Methylene Blue under UV Irradiation Aulia Dewi Rosanti, Yuly Kusumawati, Fahmi Hidayat, Arif Fadlan, Karinda Septiyaningrum Departement Of Chemistry, Universitas Islam Kadiri Departement Of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Abstract The dyes in the textile industry can cause major environmental problems due to azo compounds contained as difficultly degraded material. Photodegradation is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly method of removing synthetic dyes. This study aimed determine the effect of orange peel (OrPl) and OrPl- Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) addition on photocatalyst semiconductor properties of ZnO and its ability to degrade Methylene Blue (MB). ZnO, ZnO/OrPl, and ZnO/OrPl-CTAB materials were characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM EDX and DR-UV. Based on FTIR results ZnO peaks were formed directly during the decomposition of zinc acetate. In addition, the absence of typical CTAB absorption indicates a complete calcination process. Based on the results of characterization using XRD, the addition of OrPl-CTAB to ZnO did not damage the crystal structure and crystal form. The crystal structure of ZnO/OrPl and ZnO/OrPl-CTAB formed was wurtzite with a hexagonal shape. The results of characterization using BET showed that OrPl-CTAB addition caused a largest surface area and pore size compared to ZnO and ZnO-OrPl. The results of characterization using DR-UV showed that the narrowest band gap energy was ZnO/OrPl-CTAB 1:25 is 3.153 eV showing smaller band gap energy than ZnO. Based on the characterization results, the material with the best character was ZnO/OrPl-CTAB with the addition of 25 mL(1:25) Zn Acetate. In addition, ZnO/OrPl-CTAB material was better than ZnO and ZnO/OrPl in degrading MB. In the without UV irradiation method, the optimum conditions were obtained at 110th minutes for ZnO/OrPl-CTAB to degrade MB by 78%, while ZnO/OrPl and ZnO were only able to degrade by 71% and 46%, respectively at 100th minutes. Meanwhile, under UV irradiation method, the optimum condition were obtained for ZnO/OrPl-CTAB to degrade MB at 110 minutes by 94% while ZnO/OrPl was only 88% and ZnO 83% at 100 minutes. Keywords: Photocatalyst, Orange Peel, CTAB, Methylene Blue, ZnO/OrPl-CTAB Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aulia Dewi Rosanti)

76	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-14
Oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over CuO and NiO modified natural sourced hierarchical ZSM-5 Idra Herlina (a), Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi (b*), Muhammad Ridwan (b) (a) Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan 35365 (b) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 *yuni.krisnandi[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract FDCA (2,5-furandicarboxylic acid) is one of platform compounds with prospective applications. For example, in polyethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylic (PEF) production, an alternative bioplastic from polyethylene terephthalate (PET). FDCA can be synthesized by oxidation from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In this study, oxidation of HMF to FDCA was carried out over ZSM-5-based catalysts from natural sources. ZSM-5 was impregnated with CuO and NiO metals to increase its acidity and oxidizing ability. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were determined by characterization using XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, SAA and NH3-TPD. The results showed that synthesized ZSM-5 had hierarchical pores with a surface area of 123.58 m2/g. Impregnation with CuO and NiO did not change the crystallinity and functional groups of ZSM-5 but increased the acidity from the amount of acid by 0.361 mmol/g to 0.586 mmol/g for CuO/ZSM-5 and 0.379 mmol/g for NiO/ZSM-5. The conversion of HMF to FDCA was observed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to determine the yield of FDCA and the intermediate compounds, such as 5-hydroxymethylfuroic acid (HMFCA), 5-formylfuroic acid (FFCA), and 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). HPLC results showed no DFF signal, indicating the formation of FDCA from HMF through HMFCA and FFCA. The reaction^s highest conversion results were shown using a NiO/ZSM-5 catalyst at a temperature of 130 oC for 4 hours, with an FDCA yield of 88.9%. Keywords: Hierarchical ZSM-5- CuO/ZSM-5- NiO/ZSM-5- 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Idra Herlina)

77	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-15
Photo-Esterification of Waste Cooking Oil Using a Novel Nanocatalyst TiO2 Impregnated with Empty Fruit Bunches Ash Heterogeneous Catalyst Siti Fadhilah Ibrahim(a), Norshahidatul Akmar Shohaimi(a*), Mohd Lokman Ibrahim(b), Zul Adlan Mohd Hir(a), Sufri Mastuli(b), Wan Nur Aini Wan Mokhtar(c) a) Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, 26400 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia b) School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia c) Centre for Advanced Materials and Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia * Corresponding author: akmarshohaimi[at]uitm.edu.my Abstract The photo-esterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with TiO2/EFBA photocatalyst as heterogeneous photo-catalyst has been investigated in this study. WCO is non edible oil with high free fatty acid (FFA) content, which need esterification then followed by transesterification to produce fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The WCO were esterified with methanol by photocatalytic process and UV light irradiation as light sources. The TiO2/EFBA photocatalyst was synthesized using simple wet impregnation method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Characterization results revealed that the bandgap of TiO2/EFBA successfully reduced from 3.0 EV to 2.88 EV that suitable in UV light irradiation and low energy needed in the process. The TiO2 semiconductor composite doped with empty fruit bunches ash (EFBA) showed a very high activity for FFAs photo-esterification. Experimental results showed that the optimum condition of photo-esterification with catalyst loading to oil 4 wt.%, 20:1 methanol to oil molar ratio and 2 h reaction time achieved the reduction of FFA content from 11.65 % to 2.04 % with FFA conversion of 83 %. FFA content was successfully reduced indicated that photo-catalytic esterification is viable option in order to produce FAME. Photo-esterification products were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. Keywords: Biodiesel, Photocatalytic esterification, Waste Cooking Oil, Heterogeneous Photocatalyst, Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (SITI FADHILAH IBRAHIM)

78	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-18
Enhanced Acidity Features of ZrO2-Pillared Montmorillonite Catalyst by Bimetallic Ni/Mo Hasanudin Hasanudin and Wan Ryan Asri Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia. Biofuel Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia. Abstract In this work, a series of natural montmorillonite, ZrO2-pillared montmorillonite (MZ), and Ni/Mo-MZ with various weight ratios were synthesized to enhance the acidity features of natural montmorillonite. The catalyst was prepared using the wet impregnation method. The acidity features of total acidity, surface acidity, and pore acidity was assessed using the gravimetric method using NH3 and pyridine as a probe. The Bronsted and Lewis acid site was investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The textural features were assessed using N2 physisorption. The study showed that the impregnation of Ni/Mo on MZ increased the acidity features, whereas the textural features seemed to be not correlated to the acidity features. The Mo-MZ catalyst achieved the highest catalyst acidity with a total acidity of 1.6475 mmol NH3/g catalysts, surface acidity of 2.1234 mmol pyridine/g catalysts, and pore acidity of 0.4768 mmol/g catalysts. Keywords: acidity features, Ni/Mo catalyst, ZrO2-Pillared montmorillonite, natural montmorillonite Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hasanudin Hasanudin)

79	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-21
Approaching Eco-Leather Production: Formaldehyde Reduction Using Chestnut As Bio Scavenger Mustafidah Udkhiyatia , Nur Mutia Rosiati, Laili Rachmawati and Emiliana Anggriyani Department of Leather Processing Technology, Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta Sewon, Bantul 55281 - Indonesia Abstract Limitation of formaldehyde emission in glutaraldehyde tanned leather is an important matter to be noticed. According to the reason that glutaraldehyde can be decomposed under several conditions and produce carcinogenic formaldehyde. Global regulations set the permission level of formaldehyde in the leather to only 20-300 ppm (depending on the leather article). The use of bio scavenger is an alternative for reducing formaldehyde in the skin. This research used chestnuts as formaldehyde bio scavengers. Variations chestnut levels to be applied are 1, 3, and 5%. The skin without the addition of chestnuts was prepared as a control. Based on the results obtained, there was a decrease in formaldehyde levels in the leather after the addition of chestnuts. The optimal level of chestnuts needed to reduce formaldehyde levels in glutaraldehyde tanned leather is 5%. The use of chestnuts can be an alternative additive in the production of glutaraldehyde tanned leather which is more environmentally friendly, due to reduction of the potential formaldehyde release. Keywords: Formaldehye, Chestnut, Bio-scavengers, Leather Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mustafidah Udkhiyati)

80	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-22
Synthesis of Polycrystalline CuCrO2 Using Sol-Gel and Solid-State Reaction Method Nurul Maulida Rahmahyani Nst (a), Syahrul Humaidi (a*), Agung Imaduddin (b), Doli Bonardo (c), Heri Nugraha (d), Satrio Herbirowo (b), Nono Darsono (b) (a) Department of Physics, FMIPA, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi I Kampus USU, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia *syahrul1[at]usu.ac.id (b) Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314, Indonesia (c) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Study Program, Politeknik Tanjungbalai, Jl. Sei Raja, Sei Tualang Raso, Tanjungbalai, 21345, Indonesia (d) Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314, Indonesia Abstract CuCrO_{2} has a delafossite-structure that has a potential to be a thermoelectric material. In this study, we synthesize polycrystalline CuCrO_{2} using sol-gel and solid-state reaction method. Urea self-combustion reaction has been used to get CuCrO_{2} phase on low temperature for sol - gel method. In this method, a precursor solution was prepared by mixing urea with an aqueous solution of blended (Cu-Cr) metal-nitrates in their stoichiometric ratios. The urea-mixed precursor solution was first heated in beaker to evaporate excess water and dried in the oven at 300 ^oC for 3 h. The resulting powder was calcined and pressed into pellet of 10 mm diameter and then sintered at 1100 ^oC for 10 h. Solid state reaction method, stoichiometric calculation of CuO and Cr_{2}O_{3} powders were used as starting materials. These powders were calcined at 1000 ^oC for 10 h. The calcined powders were pressed into pellet of 10 mm diameter and then sintered at 1050 ^oC for 10 h. The morphology of samples showed grain size of sol-gel method was smaller than solid state method and from EDX map evidence the presence of Cu, Cr, and O all over the samples. Based on XRD the samples with solid-state method have a single phase of CuCrO_{2} with FWHM (Full Width Half Maximum) value of 0.182 at the main peak, where the samples with sol-gel method still appeared impurities peak and FWHM value of 0.161. These results showed solid state method led the forms of single phase, bigger particle size, higher composition and better crystallization of CuCrO_{2}. Keywords: CuCrO2- Delafossite structure- Sol-gel- Solid-State Reaction Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurul Maulida Rahmayani Nst)

81	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-26
The Effect of KOH Activation on Physicochemical Properties of Bentonite From Aceh Tamiang Puji Wahyuningsih Muslimah Yusnawati Universitas Samudra Abstract Alkali-activated materials offer a promising alternative for low-carbon building supplies. One of the phyllosilicate class of minerals, bentonite is crystalline and has a layered structure with 2:1 arrangement. The objective of the research is to understand how potassium hydroxide activation impacts the physicochemical properties of bentonite. In this investigation, various kalium hydroxide (KOH) concentrations were used to activate montmorillonite materials is 1 M, 1.5 M, 2 M and 2.5 M. Following activation, the materials were dried for 2 hours at 110 degree Celcius and then the activated bentonite was dried at 170 degree Celcius for 4 hours. Advanced analytical methods, such as powder XRD, FTIR, and SEM were used to characterize the activated bentonite. According to XRD analysis data, adding kalium hydroxide to bentonite causes a minor shift toward a higher angle but does not alter the basal spacing d001 on the diffractogram. The result of the FTIR analysis of the alkaline activated bentonite revealed that the functional groups -OH and Si-O-Si in the octahedral sheet structures, which are the elements of the mineral bentonite, are present but groups Al-Al-OH in the tetrahedral sheet does not appear due to the dehydroxylation process in bentonite. Analysis of the surfaces morphology revealed that KOH activation increased pore size in surface materials and more porous produce. The concentration of KOH required to activate bentonite at a level that results in the greatest physicochemical characteristics is 2 M. Applications for bentonite regarding low-carbon building materials are improved by the physicochemical character of the material following base activation. Keywords: bentonit, activation, KOH Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Puji Wahyuningsih)

82	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-27
SYNTHESIS OF MnO2 AS CANDIDATE FOR THE MATERIAL OF SUPERCAPACITORS ELECTRODE WITH GREEN CHEMISTRY METHOD THOUGH HYDROXYLATED YLANG-YLANG FLOWER ESSENTIAL OIL (Cananga odorata) Dewi Jalinan Izzah, Muhammad Rafli, Fauziatul Fajaroh, Nazriati, Sumari, Siti Marfuah Universitas Negeri Malang Abstract The rapid technological advancement has accelerated the demand for portable electronic devices that require energy storage media. The high-performance supercapacitor is one of the energy storage media with excellent capacitance and a great lifecycle. Currently, various synthesis methods on the electrode component of the supercapacitor have been developed. However, most of that synthesis is not environmentally friendly. This study aims to synthesize MnO2 through a green chemical process with the minimum usage of non-environmentally friendly additives. This study uses ylang-ylang flower essential oil (Cananga odorata) as the raw material. The primary stages of synthesis include the isolation of essential oil from the ylang-ylang frower through the steam-water distillation process, synthesis of MnO2 through dihydroxylation reaction using the ylang-ylang flower essential oil with various calcination temperatures, and the characterization of the produced synthesis using XRD, SEM, and CV. The XRD results show that the MnO2 has been successfully synthesized and generated a number of polymorph of alpha-, gamma-, and delta-. Meanwhile, the highest MnO2 purity has been obtained from 500oC calcination temperature and dominated by the delta-MnO2 polymorph. The results of the SEM test suggest that the synthesized product is in the form of a nano-sized particle with an average diameter of 49.8 nm. The results of the CV test signify that the specific capacitance of MnO2 calcinated at 500oC temperature is 29.21 mF/g so that the synthesized MnO2 is the potential supercapacitor candidate. Keywords: MnO2 synthesize, hydroxylated alkene, ylang-ylang flower essential oil, supercapacitor Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dewi Jalinan Izzah)

83	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-40
Biopolymer Composite Beads of Calcium Alginate-Fly Ash for Efficient Adsorption of Rhodamin B Dye Perwitasari, Heni Anggorowati, and Indriana Lestari UPN Veteran Yogyakarta Abstract Wastewater from anthropogenic activities such as the textile, dyeing and finishing industries release heavy metals that cause pollution of the environment, particularly the water resources and soil One type of the dyes used in the industry is Rhodamin B. In this study, we reported the results of designing the Calcium Alginate-Fly Ash (Biopolymer Composite Beads) as well as its application as an adsorbent to reduce the amount of Rhodamin B in wastewater. Calcium Alginate-Fly Ash composite beads were obtained by mixing sodium alginate in distillate water with fly ash then drop the solution in CaCl2 solution for shaping the beads. The result of FTIR characterization showed the presence of OH functional group, symmetrical and asymmetrical carboxyl groups, mannuronic and uronic groups. These groups indicated the present of alginate. The adsorption ability test on the rhodamin B dye was performed at various change in contact time with the different mass of adsorbents (calcium alginate and calcium alginate-fly ash). The result showed that the highest reduction in rhodamin B occurred at the contact time of 150 minutes, 25 grams of calcium alginate-fly ash and 40.985 ppm of initial rhodamin B concentration. Under these conditions the calcium alginate-fly ash could adsorb up to 18.03% of rhodamin B. Keywords: Calcium alginate, fly ash, rhodamin B, biopolymer composite beads, dye Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Perwitasari Perwitasari)

84	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-50
Biodegradability Study On The Bioplastic Derived From Banana Peel Fruit Waste With Various Ripening Stage Nur Azfira Azizan- Wahida Abdul Rahman- Nur Izzati Nor Muhammed Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Perlis, Kampus Arau, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia Abstract Bioplastic is currently being used to replace synthetic plastic utilized in food packaging. Bioplastic can be derived from a bio-based product such as banana peel which has a high biodegradation rate. In order to produce bioplastic which can be degraded easily by different types of soil and a good ripening stage must be chosen. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the effect of different types of soil and soil burial time on biodegradability of the films and to analyze the physical appearance of bioplastic derived from various banana ripening stages due to biodegradation process. In this research, bioplastics from the unripe, ripe and overripe peel of Musa acuminata x balbisiana (ABB) cv. Awak and Musa acuminata (AAA) cv. Berangan were used to analyze the biodegradation rate by means of weight loss. A biodegradability study of the bioplastic produced was conducted and a few variables such as different types of soil which are garden soil with loam (GL) and garden soil with loamy sand (GLS) and soil burial time were evaluated in depth. Moreover, the bioplastic films before and after buried in soil were also analyzed by sensory test and microscopic test. This research shows bioplastic from ripe peel has the highest weight loss (0.0834 g) compared to unripe peel (0.1446 g) and overripe peel (0.2526 g) when buried in GLS due to the increased sugar content in the ripe peel that promotes microbial activity as well as high moisture content and fine texture of the soil. The cross-view of bioplastic film also shows there is a biodegradation process occurred where the microstructure of the bioplastic film is irregular after being buried in the soil. Keywords: Biodegradability- banana peel- bioplastic- soil burial test- fruit waste Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wahida Abdul Rahman)

85	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-58
Utilization of Bagasse from PG Kwala Madu as Precursor in Activated Carbon Production Muhammad Faizul Hisham, Rosdanelli Hasibuan*, Rondang Tambun, Viqry Pramananda Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Suamtera Utara, Jalan Almamater Kampus USU Padang Bulan Medan 20155, Medan, Indonesia *)rosdanelli[at]yahoo.com Abstract Pabrik Gula Kwala Madu (PG Kwala Madu) is one of the sugar mill units owned by PT Perkebunan Nusantara II, located in Langkat Regency, North Sumatera Province, with a production capacity of 4,000 tons of sugarcane/day. The operation of PG Kwala Madu certainly has an impact on the solid waste produced, namely bagasse biomass. The goal of this research is to utilize bagasse waste as a precursor for activated carbon production. The production of activated carbon was done by chemical the activation method using H3PO4, KOH, and NaCl as activators. The production of activated carbon was carried out in two stages: Carbonization using a furnace at a temperature of 250C for 1 hour, and the second stage was activation for 30 minutes followed by impregnation for 24 hours. Moisture content analysis of bagasse activated carbon was 13.39%- 16.82%- and 8.17% for with H3PO4, KOH, and NaCl respectively. Furthermore, the use of NaCl activator was able to produce activated carbon with a satisfactory iodine adsorption number, namely 1,364.771 mg/g Keywords: Activated carbon, bagasse, Kwala Madu Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Viqry Pramananda)

86	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-62
Preliminary Study on the Synthesis of Co(II)-tartrate-nicotinamide Coordination Polymer as Functional Porous Materials Yuniar Ponco Prananto[1]*, Tutik Setianingsih[1], Sasti Gona Fadhilah[1], Dea Amini Khaujakiya[1], Rafi Dwiasis Wibisono[1] [1] Department of Chemistry, Brawijaya University, Malang (prananto[at]ub.ac.id). Abstract Incorporation of nicotinamide and tartrate mixed ligand into Co(II) coordination polymer as functional porous materials is being studied. Initial attempt by a layered solution technique in water-methanol solvent system with excess amount of nicotinamide resulting in Co(II)-tartrate complex only. Hence, to obtain the targeted complex of Co(II)-tartrate-nicotinamide or Co(II)TN, a direct mix technique using dimethylformamide as solvent was proposed in this work. The reactions were performed at 80C in Co(II):T:N molar ratios of 1:1:2 and 1:1:4 and using several Co(II) salts, namely chloride, acetate, and nitrate. All precipitated products were characterised by infrared spectroscopy and melting point test. Experimental data shows that the proposed reaction recipes did not successfully produced the targeted Co(II)TN complex, which presumably due to the reaction may needs higher temperature and/or pressure. Thus, solvothermal method is recommended for the next attempt. Interestingly, the use of different salt of Co(II) lead to different products, which is never been reported before. Pale purple complex of Co(II)-nicotinamide was yielded from the chloride salt, whereas complexes of Co(II)-tartrate was produced from the acetate (red purple) and the nitrate (dark brown) salts. Analysis of melting point test suggest that the Co(II)-tartrate obtained from the acetate salt is different to that of the nitrate salts. This tartrate vs nicotinamide ligand preference due to the use of different Co(II) salt are unexpected and still being investigated. Keywords: metal complex, coordination polymers, ligand preference, niacinamide, anion effect. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yuniar Ponco Prananto)

87	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-68
The Influence of Multi layer Cantala fiber reinforced Carbon Nanotube composite on flexural strength and morphological. Sakuri Sakuri1a), Nana Supriyana 1), Sutarno 1), Tarsono Dwi Susanto1) Departement Of Mechanical Engineering Sekolah Tinggi Teknik Wiworotomo Purwokerto Indonesia (53132) Abstract Abstract The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of changes in alkaline cantala fibers by applying different angle and multi-layer patterns on tensile strength and morphology. The fiber was extracted manually from cantala leaves that were 9 months old. 6 wt% sodium hydroxide and distilled water were prepared to soak the fiber for 6 hours. The fibers were dried in the open air for 72 hours and put in the oven for 6 hours at 60 oC. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were mixed with unsaturated polyester (UPRs) with a composition of 5% by weight and mixed using a magnetic stirrer with a rotational speed of 250 Rpm, at a temperature of 40 oC, for 30 minutes. Composite molding using a vacuum infusion process system. Cntala fiber was prepared in printing with various angles and multi-layers, inserting a mixture of unsaturated polyester and carbon nanotubes (CNT) after being given a catalyst of methyl ethyl ketone perioxide (Mekpo). Composite molds were taken after 24 hours and put in an oven for curing at 60 oC for 3 hours and were ready for test specimens. The results showed that the alkali treated fiber with multi layers had increased bending strength. Morphologically, the fiber is cleaner because it has been removed from hemicellulose, pectin and other amourphus. The addition of CNT to the composite was able to close the micro-lubac so that the strength increased. Keywords: Cantala fiber, Carbon Nantube, Flexural strength, Composite. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sakuri Sakuri)

88	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-72
Anti Bacterial Actions of Zinc Phosphate Synthesized Using Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Precursor and Sensitizing Agent of Dragon Fruit Peel Extract Nurhidayah , Abdul Haris Watoni, Muhammad Daffa Rahmatullah, Cindy Agriningsih Haruna, La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University Abstract The research effort of nanoparticles (NPs) with photo catalytic and antibacterial characteristics has attracted the attention of researcher including synthetic inorganic and organic nanoparticles. Synthesis and characterization of zinc phosphate using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a precursor, red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhyzuz) as sensitizing agent and antimicrobial activity test of the material have been carried out. This study aims to obtain the Zinc Phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2) photo catalytic material and determine the antibacterial activity of Zn3(PO4)2-red Dragon Fruit Peel extract. Zn3(PO4)2 can be photocatalytically enhanced in the visible range through preparation with the addition of plant extract sensitizing agent of red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhyzuz). The success is proven by visualization and characterization using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrometer. The photocatalytic properties of a material can be determined from the particle size and the energy gap. FTIR analysis shows the presence of O-H, C=O, C-O and aromatic rings, as well as the presence of O=P-O and P-O-P groups. The results of UV-Vis analysis exhibit the absorbance values for 30 minutes tends to be stable. The results of UV-Vis spectrum characterization shows that Zn3(PO4)2 nanoparticles had a higher band gap energy value as the volume of zinc phosphate increased. Antibacterial activity test shows that the Zinc Phosphate incorporated-Red Dragon Fruit Peel Extract had moderate bacterial inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and weak against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Keywords: Zinc Phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Dragon Fruit Peel extract, antibacterial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan)

89	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-75
Exploring the Characteristics of Mesoporous Configuration through Strategic Synthesis of Bifunctional Hierarchical Co/ZSM-5 Catalyst Irena Khatrin (a,b), Iman Abdullah (a,b), Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi (a,b*) a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia b) Solid Inorganic Framework Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia *yuni.krisnandi[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract A certain synthesis method of hierarchical zeolite leads to the creation of specific mesoporous types in the framework, intra-crystalline or inter-crystalline mesoporous. To provide insights into the distinctive characteristics of mesoporous types, hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites were synthesized through two different methods: a hydrothermal method and a template-free method at low temperatures. The as-synthesized hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites were then modified into a bifunctional catalyst of Co-oxides/ZSM-5 via impregnation method with the variation of metal loading (wt.%). The characterization of the catalysts was carried out using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and N2 physisorption. XRD patterns show that as-modified Co-oxides on the ZSM-5 surface presented in the form of Co3O4 and the bifunctionality of Co-oxides catalysts was further suggested by FT-IR spectra. Debye-Scherrer analysis of XRD patterns confirmed the SEM results that ZSM-5 synthesized through the low-temperature method resulted in lower particle size (nano-size). N2 physisorption analysis also confirmed the enhanced distribution of Co-oxides of ZSM-5 low-temperature why distributed on the surface as indicated by the absence of surface area reduction after the impregnation process. Therefore, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 with the mesoporous configuration of intra-crystalline and inter-crystalline mesoporous could be synthesized through the hydrothermal and low-temperature method, respectively, with their distinctive characteristics. Keywords: hierarchical ZSM-5- mesoporous configuration- intra-crystalline- inter-crystalline- Co-oxide/ZSM-5 catalyst Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irena Khatrin)

90	Materials Sciences: Synthetic and Characterization	ABS-78
Fabrication of Hybrid Photocatalyst Al-MIL-53/Graphite Oxide for Photodegradation of organic molecule Dyes under UV light and Solar Radiation Ris Kevin Bramasta (a), Rehan Rizkyta Peranginangin (a), Muttaqin (a*) a. Chemistry Department of Universitas Pertamina Abstract Solar energy, especially from Ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, can be utilized in the process of inducing photocatalysts in wastewater treatment which is polluted by organic molecule dyes. One type of material that has received great attention recently in the photocatalyst field is a metal-organic framework (MOF). In this work, the hybrid Al-MIL-53/graphite oxide (GO) was successfully synthesized using the facile solvothermal method. Several characterization techniques such as XRD, BET, SEM, and FTIR were used to obtain information related to the physical and chemical properties of the hybrid material. The N2 adsorption (BET) showed that it has a mesoporous structure, while for the diffractogram data, most peaks are mixtures between Al-MIL-53 and GO. However, one peak that appears at 2 theta = 21.76 degree belongs to the peak of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The hybrid material is easy to fabricate and has good photocatalytic performance for the degradation of methylene orange (MO) in an aqueous solution. After 120 minutes under UV light radiation, the degradation efficiency of MO reached up to 89 % for the type A sample. However, under solar energy radiation, it has better performance and the photocatalytic activity reached more than 90 % efficiency using identical sample condition and irradiation time. Furthermore, using tauc plot method, it produces optical bandgap Energy in the range 3.7 - 4 eV. From these data, the hybrid material has a potential candidate for environmental restoration. Keywords: Metal-organic frameworks, photocatalyst, graphite oxide, methylen orange. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muttaqin -)

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