Comparison Effectiveness of Reducing Iron (Fe) Heavy Metal Levels in Cassava Peel Waste with Chemical and Biological Methods Julia Porman Tambunan, 1, a) Adilla Latifa Adisti, 2, b) Aprizky Heldinto, 2, c) Ratna Ayu Permata Aini, 2, d) Eli Hendrik Sanjaya 1, e), Mohamad Febby Setiawan 1, f), Suharti 1, g), Muntholib 1, h), Aman Santoso 1, i)
Universitas Negeri Malang
Abstract
Heavy metals are non-biodegradable or cannot be decomposed so they tend to accumulate in an environment. Heavy metal exposure that occurs continuously and in a long term is very dangerous and can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. Various efforts have been made to reduce heavy metal levels in the environment, and many ways and methods are carried out, such as biological and chemical methods. Thus, the research aims to determine the percent reduction in iron (Fe) levels using chemical and biological methods to obtain the most effective method of reducing Fe levels in cassava peel waste. The stages in the research are (1) siderophore testing on Bacillus isolates. (2) production of bacterial starter (3) manufacture of calcium hydroxide solution. (4) application of Fe content reduction in chemical and biological methods, and (5) analysis of Fe content of cassava peel samples. Based on the results of the analysis of Fe levels after the experiment using biological and chemical methods, there was no significant decrease in both methods. This is presumably because the measured Fe content is the total Fe content. In the applied biology method, bacteria cannot be separated from the sample so it^s also measured. In the chemical method, the experimental sample was not grinded, so the Fe metal was still bound to organic compounds in the cassava peel when precipitation was carried out with calcium hydroxide. In the next experiment by using the biological method, the sample that has been tested can be dissolved and then analyzed for Fe in the sample solution so that the Fe content before and after treatment can be distinguished. Meanwhile, in the chemical method, the sample can be grinded before the experiment is carried out.
Keywords: : Cassava peel, Iron Heavy Metals, Bioremediation, Precipitation
