CHARACTER SELECTION OF SHADE-LOVING TOMATOES AND GENETIC INTERACTION X SHADE TYPE ON TOMATO PLANTS PRODUCTIVITY Dwiwanti Sulistyowati, Arya Widura Ritonga
Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic
Abstract
Low light stress causes a variety of changes in morphology, anatomy, and phenology, these changes are intended to capture more photons in low light. This study consists of two experiments, the aim (1) this study was to investigate morphology, anatomy, and phenology characters of shade-loving tomato genotypes at low light intensity- and (2) the genetic interaction and shade type on the yield of tomato plants. The experiment was carried out from January 2015 to March 2018, arranged in a nested design in the form of 2 factors (shade type and tomato genotype) with 3 and 4 replications. The first factor consisted of two types of shade, namely without shade (0%) and 50% shading (first experiment), added corn shade, and papaya shade (second experiment). The tomato genotypes used in the first experiment consisted of four shade-loving genotypes (SSH 3, Medan 4, Papua 2, Maros 3), four shade-tolerant genotypes (Karina, Tomat kecil 1, SSH 9, Bogor), and four shade-sensitive genotypes (Kediri 2, Brastagi 6, Marglobe, F 6005001-4-1-12-5). The second experiment consisted of a shade-loving genotype (SSH3), a shade-sensitive parental genotype (4979), five cross-breeding genotypes (370-1, 384-11, 326-4, 380-16, and 381-11), and three commercial varieties (IPB Tora, Karina, and Palupi). The first experimental results of shade-loving tomato genotypes at low light intensity showed an increase in plant height, leaf number, maintaining high stomata density, reducing leaf thickness and palisade height, and flowering time and harvesting time. The second experiment results showed that genotypes 370-1 and 384-11 were 50% shade-loving genotypes, had better production than commercial varieties. Genotypes 380-13, SSH3, and 4979 were shade-loving papaya genotypes, tomato genotypes 326-4, 380-16, and 381-11 were shade-loving maize genotypes- and has a production that tends to be better than commercial varieties.
