Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Secondary Metabolic Compounds in Putative Mutants (MV3) from 3 Genotypes of Garlic Utin Winarni (1), Syarifah Iis Aisyah(2), Diny Dinarti(2,3)
1Postgraduate student Plant breeding and Biotechnology Study Program, IPB University
2Department Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University
3Corresponding author : dinyagh[at]apps.ipb.ac.id
Abstract
This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in garlic putative mutants in MV3 generation from three genotypes with exposure to gamma ray doses. The putative mutants analyzed were LK (Lumbu Kuning) (0, 1, 2, and 10 Gy), TMB (Tawangmangu Baru) (0, 4 and 8, Gy) and CWD (Ciwidey) (0, 1, 2, 6 , and 8 Gy). Fresh garlic samples were dried in an oven at 50oC for 24 hours. Metabolic analysis for volatile compounds used untargeted compound by gas spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis with 70% ethanol as solvent. The results of this study showed that in LK genotype there were 28 metabolites and CWD obtained 34 metabolites with total pct above 1%, while TMB genotype obtained 21 metabolites with total pct above 2%. CWD and TMB genotypes have Trisulfide compound, di-2-propenyl with the largest total pct, while in LK genotype the compound were Isobenzofuro [5,6-b]benzofuran-8-carboxylic acid, 1,3-dihydro-7,10-dimethoxy- 9-methyl-1-oxo-, the methyl ester with the largest total pct. Grouping based on the analyzed metabolites obtained three large clusters. Cluster I consists of heterocyclic compounds (benzofurans), cluster II consists of new compounds that have not been identified and cluster III consists of groups of organosulfur compounds, n-hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, esters, alcohols, ketones, furans and aldehydes. The grouping of putative mutants based on secondary metabolites obtained three large clusters. Cluster I consisted of one putative CWD 8 Gy mutant, cluster II consisted of one LK 1 Gy putative mutant and cluster III consisted of ten putative mutants namely LK 2 Gy, TMB 0 Gy, TMB 8 Gy, TMB 4 Gy, CWD 2 Gy, LK 10 Gy, LK 0 Gy, CWD 0 Gy, CWD 1 Gy and CWD 6 Gy. Differences in metabolites produced by putative mutants: LK putative mutants obtained several new compounds: 2 - Pentanol, 4 - methyl - (1 Gy), Silicic acid, diethyl bis (trimethylsilyl) ester (2 Gy), Hentriacontane (10 Gy). CWD putative mutans : Hentriacontane (1 Gy), Hexane, 2,3,5-trimethyl (2
