Determining the Optimum Condition on Synthesis Epoxidized TMPester and Studied the Effect of Acid Catalyst to Oxirane Ring Formed Ferra Naidir (a*), Robiah Yunus (b), Irmawati Ramli (c), Rinette Visca (a)
a) Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Jayabaya, Jl. Raya Bogor Km 28.8 Cimanggis, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia
*fnaidir.fn[at]gmail.com
b) Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
c) Fakulti Sains, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Abstract
In-situ epoxidation was used to produce epoxidazed Trimethylolpropane ester (TMP ester) to eliminate the fatty acid double bonds in palm oil-based TMP ester. Those TMP esters were used as the starting material in the epoxidation reaction to synthesize epoxidized TMP esters. The aim of reaction is increasing the oxidative stability on TMP ester as Bio-Lubricant. The epoxidation was conducted with peracetic acid formed in-situ from the reaction of glacial acetic acid with concentrated hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) and an amount of a homogeneous acid catalyst namely sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) with heptane as inert solvent. In this work starts with determining the optimum reaction condition to produce epoxidized TMP ester by analyzing Iodine Value and Percentage of Oxirane Oxygen. Then observing the effect of sulfuric acid as catalyst on the ethylenic unsaturation of the TMP ester where were used on reaction of epoxidation TMP ester. Caused, increasing the catalyst concentration usually results in a higher percentage of oxirane oxygen in a shorter period. As for various concentrations used namely, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, of sulfuric acid. Finally, the optimum oxirane product was achieved at 2% concentration of the catalyst H_2SO_4, with the percentage of oxirane oxygen being 3.85% against a maximum of 4.02% oxirane oxygen that is potentially attainable if 96% of the ethylenic unsaturation in TMP esters is converted to oxirane oxygen.
