Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Urena Lobata Leaf Extract and Their Fraction on Raw 264.7 Cells Using Tetrazolium (MTT) Yudi Purnomo1, a), Doti Wahyuningsih2, Andri Tilaqza1
1 Pharmacy Department, Medical Faculty, University of Islam Malang, Malang, Indonesia
2 Biochemistry Department, Medical Faculty, University of Islam Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Abstract
Pulutan (Urena lobata) is herbal medicine that used to treat some diseases related to inflammation condition. Pre-clinical studies showed its efficacy, however, the study about their safety have not been evaluated completely. The objective of study to determine toxicity level of Urena lobata (U.lobata) leaf extract and their fraction on RAW 264.7 cells using tetrazolium (MTT) assay. U. lobata leaf was extracted by digestion methods using ethanol solvent, therefore, the extract was fractionated by n-hexane (fraction A), ethyl acetate (fraction B), n-buthanol (fraction C) and water (fraction D) respectively. Extract and fractions are tested on RAW 264.7 cells, furthermore percentage viability values of the cells determined by the tetrazolium salt reduction assay (MTT). The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of viability cells were determined (n=3) for at least four different concentrations. Fraction A showed inhibition on viability cells (IC50 = 2941,73 ppm) stronger than fraction B (IC50 = 3967,76 ppm), fraction C (IC50 = 12473,33 ppm) and fraction D (IC50 = 19048,46 ppm). Meanwhile ethanolic extract (IC50 = 7515,63 ppm) lower than fraction A and fraction B but stronger than fraction C and D to inhibit viability cells. Fraction A of U.lobata has toxicity level strongest among fraction B, C, D and its extract.
Keywords: cytotoxicity, raw 264.7 cell, urena lobata, tetrazolium
