The effects of canal blocking on hydrological restoration and natural regeneration in degraded peat swamp forest post-forest fires in Central Kalimantan David Suwito (1), Suratman (2), and Erny Poedjirahajoe (3)
1 Doctoral Program on Environmental Science Gadjah Mada University
2 Faculty of Geography Gadjah Mada University
3 Faculty of Forestry Gadjah Mada University
Abstract
Tropical peat swamp forest is one of the wetland ecosystems on tropical peatlands with many ecological, economic, and socio-cultural functions. In Indonesia, the peat swamp forest ecosystems have been experiencing deforestation and degradation due to land clearing for plantations and agriculture and forest fires. In Central Kalimantan, especially in the ex-area of the 100 million hectares mega rice project in the 1990s, hydrological restoration is carried out by blocking the canals. We compared the three methods of canal blocking and the areas without canal blocking and the community^s preference on what form of canal blocking is more beneficial for them. Large canal blocking, medium canal blocking, and small canal blocking have positively affected the groundwater level in the driest month above the fire-prone critical point. In contrast, the locations without blocking exceed the critical fire-prone water level. Small, large, and medium blocking are equally capable of optimizing the peat soil water table. However, the local communities prefer small blocking over other methods because it is simple, labor-intensive, and improves their livelihood when involved in its construction. The local communities choose the big canal blockings less because they block transportation access in and out of the peat swamp forest.
