THE LEARNER CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF VAPOR-PRESSURE LOWERING AND BOILING-POINT ELEVATION
Iriani Bakti, Rizki Nur Analita, Putranty Widha Nugraheni, and Ester Noviyanti

1. Teacher Professional Education Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
2. Chemistry Education Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
3. Environmental Engineering Program, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak
4. Canda Bhirawa Vocational High School, Pare Kediri

Abstract

The learner^s conceptual understanding has become one of the leading research areas conducted by educational researchers. Teachers, pre-service teachers, and students should improve each alternative conception and deepen their conceptual understanding. One of the essential concepts in chemistry learning is colligative properties. The following paper is a literature review that discusses vapor-pressure lowering and boiling-point elevation, parts of colligative properties. Few studies examine the conceptual understanding of vapor-pressure lowering and boiling-point elevation, so it^s quite difficult for researchers to find reference sources. This literature review aims to provide important details from several previous studies to help researchers obtain the necessary complete sources. The findings are also expected to provide the learner with an understanding of chemistry, especially in vapor-pressure lowering and boiling-point elevation concepts.

Keywords: Literature review, Conceptual understanding, Vapor-pressure lowering, Boiling-point elevation.

Topic: Chemical Education