Anti-oxidant Effect of Phyllanthus niruri and Catharanthus roseus Combination Extract on Breast Cancer Mice Models
Sefihara Paramitha Sakti (a), Fikriya Novita Sari (a), Farida Rachmawati (a), Muhaimin Rifai(a*)

a) Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
*immunobiology[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract

Breast cancer is one type of cancer that has the highest prevalence and high mortality rate. Recent research reported that breast cancer may have an effect on the physiology of other organ, such as oxidative stress condition in the liver. Beside that, some agents such as meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) and Madagascar perwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) appear to maintain redox homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness combination of Phyllanthus niruri and Catharanthus roseus extract (PCE) in modulating oxidative stress based on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Experimental animals were divided into six different groups- healthy control (normal), cancer (DMBA), cancer mice with cisplatin administration, cancer mice with PCE administration with three different dose, including dose 1 (500 mg/kg PN+15 mg/kg CR), dose 2 (1000 mg/kg PN+75 mg/kg CR), and dose 3 (2000 mg/kg PN+375 mg/kg CR). The mice were injected with DMBA once a week for six weeks to induce cancer in mice. PCE was orally administrated to breast cancer mice for 14 days. The levels of MDA, Nrf2, and SOD were analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that breast cancer induction using DMBA increased the level of MDA and Nrf2, but decreased the level of SOD significantly compared to the normal group (p<0.05). In certain dose, administration of PCE was able to reduce MDA, Nrf2 levels and increase the level of SOD significantly (p<0.05). The PCE has potency as alternative therapeutic agent to modulate redox homeostasis in breast cancer by suppressing MDA and Nrf2 levels, also increasing SOD levels.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, Phyllanthus niruri, anti-oxidant.

Topic: Biomedical Science