Catalyst of Cd - Cr/Activited Natural Zeolite for Conversion Of Glycerol to Ethanol with Ultrasonic Assitance
Sumari, Sumari1), Ghina Wijayanti, Ririn Cahyanti dan Aman Santoso

Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and the effectiveness of Cd/ZAA, Cr/ZAA, and Cd-Cr/ZAA catalysts on conversion process of glycerol to ethanol. Zeolite was activated using 1% HF and refluxed with 6 M HCl and 1 M NH4Cl. Catalysts of Cd/ZAA, Cr/ZAA, and Cd-Cr/ZAA are white granules with a size of 100 mesh. The Catalysts were characterize using XRD, XRF, surface area analysis, and catalyst acidity test. Conversion of glycerol to ethanol by ultrasonic assistance was done in various time of 2, 4, and 6 hours. The result of XRD characterization showed that natural zeolite is mordenite. Specific surface area of catalyst of Natural Zeolite, H-ZAA, Cd/ZAA, Cr/ZAA, and Cd-Cr/ZAA were 140.06, 129.66, 64,534, 126.348, and 135.218 m2/g respectively. The total acidity level of Activated Natural Zeolite, H-ZAA, Cd/ZAA, Cr/ZAA, and Cd-Cr/ZAA catalysts were 0.74, 1.41 , 0.49 , 0.47, and 0.43 mmol/g respectively. The highest glycerol conversion was obtained when Cd-Cr/ZAA catalyst was used and in a sonication time of 6 hours with yield of 43.84% wt ethanol.

Keywords: natural zeolite, catalyst, glycerol conversion, ethanol.

Topic: Renewable Energy and Fuel Cell