Phytochemical And Toxicity Tests Against Artemia Salina And Antimalarial Activity Methanol Extracts From Mangrove Leaf Tissue Avicennia Marina, Rizhopora Mucronata And Sonneratia Caseolaris
Neni Hasnah Fatimah and Usman

Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, FKIP, Universitas Mulawarman, Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Kimia, FKIP, Universitas Mulawarman, Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove plants are plants that can be used as herbal medicine. Mangrove plants of Avicennia marina, Rizhopora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris contain bioactive compounds that can act as anticancer, antimalarial, antibacterial, antinematode, antiviral and antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites through phytochemical tests, to determine the potential of bioactive compounds as anticancer through toxicity tests against Artemia salina and to determine the potential of bioactive compounds as antimalarials. Phytochemical test results showed that the methanol extract of Avicennia marina mangrove leaves contained phenolic compounds, saponins, and triterpenoids. Methanol extract of mangrove leaves Rhizopora mucronata contains alkaloids and saponins. Meanwhile, the methanol extract of Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove leaves contains phenolic compounds, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids. The results of the toxicity test on Artemia salina, Avicennia marina mangrove leaf extract, had an LC50 value of 256,135 46,63 ppm, Rhizopora mucronata mangrove leaf extract 48, 165 52,25 ppm, and Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove leaf extract 104,96 9,990 ppm. Based on the LC50 value, it can be said that the methanol extract of Avicennia marina mangrove leaves has a moderate level of toxicity. Meanwhile, the methanol extract of Rizhopora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove leaves has a high level of toxicity. The antimalarial test results obtained from Avicennia marina mangrove leaf extract have an IC50 value of 57,341 g/ml, Rhizopora mucronata mangrove leaf extract 24,118 g/ml, and Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove leaf extract 21,975 g/ml. Based on the IC50 value, it can be said that the methanol extract of Avicennia marina mangrove leaves is included in the unfavorable category as an antimalarial. Meanwhile, the methanol extract of the mangrove leaves Rizhopora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris were included in the good

Keywords: Mangrove Avicennia marina, Rhizopora mucronata, and Sonneratia caseolaris methanol extract, content of bioactive compounds, toxicity, antimalarial

Topic: Organic Chemistry